Curiosity and surprise enhance memory differently in adolescents than in children

Fandakova, Yana; Gruber, Matthias J.

doi:10.31234/osf.io/s36e5

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…In the absence of explicit cues, individuals may rely on various salience signals or prior schematic knowledge to prioritize memory. For example, individuals demonstrate enhanced memory for stimuli that elicit strong emotions (Adelman & Estes, 2013;Schlüter, Hackländer, & Bermeitinger, 2019), information that they are curious about (Fandakova & Gruber, 2019;Kang et al, 2009;Marvin & Shohamy, 2016;McGillivray, Murayama, & Castel, 2015), novel items (Tulving & Kroll, 1995), and schema-congruent information that can be easily integrated into preexisting knowledge frameworks (Brod & Shing, 2019;Schlichting & Preston, 2015). In some contexts, these memory biases may promote encoding of high-value information -remembering the face of a threatening person who provoked a strong emotional response could help one avoid a dangerous situation, and remembering the answer to a nagging trivia question could increase one's cocktail party capital.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory’s reflection of learned information value increases across development.

Nussenbaum

Prentis

Hartley

2020

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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Prioritizing memory for the information most likely to be useful in the future is critical to learning effectively in our complex world. Previous work has revealed that the ability to strategically encode high-value information may improve gradually over development, as the systems supporting cognitive control processes mature. However, studies of value-directed memory have relied on explicit cues that signal the importance of information, which are rarely present in realworld contexts. Here, we examined whether individuals across age groups could learn the relative frequency of items in their environment and prioritize memory for information associated with higher frequency items, which would ultimately enable them to earn more reward. We found that from childhood to early adulthood, individuals gained the ability to dynamically adjust memory based on the statistics of the environment (Experiment 1). In the absence of any relation between item frequency and the reward that could be earned for encoding related information, the increased exposure to higher frequency items did not facilitate associative memory (Experiment 2). Taken together, results from our two experiments suggest that the use of past experience to prioritize memory for high-value information strengthens with increasing age and is supported by the developing ability to derive explicit knowledge of the structure of the environment from experience.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory’s reflection of learned information value increases across development.

Nussenbaum

Prentis

Hartley

2020

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

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The interaction of curiosity and reward on long-term memory in younger and older adults

Swirsky

Shulman

Spaniol

2020

Preprint

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The study was conducted to examine the individual and joint effects of extrinsic motivation, manipulated via monetary reward, and curiosity, a form of intrinsic motivation, on long-term memory in the context of a trivia paradigm, in healthy younger and older adults. During the incidental encoding phase on Day 1, 60 younger and 53 older participants viewed high- and low-curiosity trivia as well as unrelated face stimuli. Half of the participants in each age group received financial rewards for correctly guessing trivia answers. On Day 2, participants completed old-new recognition tests for trivia and face stimuli. Both curiosity and reward were associated with enhanced trivia recall, but the effects were interactive, such that only low-curiosity items benefitted from monetary reward. Neither curiosity nor reward affected face recognition performance in either age group. This pattern was similar for younger and older adults. The current data indicate that individual and joint effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on long-term memory are relatively preserved in healthy aging, a finding that highlights the viability of motivational strategies for memory enhancement into old age. Identifying conditions under which memory for unrelated information benefits from motivational spillover effects is a priority for future research.

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Psychometric of the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-Ii in Indonesia

Setyowati

Chung

Yusuf

et al. 2020

Journal of Public Health Research

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Background: Curiosity is a personality characteristic, which fits with wellbeing and positive functioning. The objective of this study was to assess the construct validity of the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory II (CEI-II) in Indonesia.Design and Methods: The study included 256 undergraduate students who lived in Indonesia, mean age 19.8 years old. The CEI-II measures stretching and embracing using 11 items. The English version of CEI-II was translated into Bahasa. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were addressed to examine internal consistency reliability and the test-retest reliability. To evaluate construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to assess factor structure and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the structural model fit of the CEI-II Indonesia version.Results: The study showed Cronbach’s alpha for the internal consistency of the overall CEI-II Indonesia version was 0.77. The ICC for the test-retest reliability ranged between 0.753-0.829. EFA showed adequate with the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.86 and the Bartlett’s test of sphericity was statistically significant. CFA tested the second-order model with two-order factors and showed a model fit.Conclusions: The CEI-II Indonesia version indicated acceptable construct validity to evaluate curiosity in Indonesia.

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Curiosity and surprise enhance memory differently in adolescents than in children

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

Memory’s reflection of learned information value increases across development.

Memory’s reflection of learned information value increases across development.

The interaction of curiosity and reward on long-term memory in younger and older adults

Psychometric of the Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-Ii in Indonesia

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