Cumulative effects of bamboo sawdust addition on pyrolysis of sewage sludge: Biochar properties and environmental risk from metals

Jin, Junwei; Wang, Minyan; Cao, Yucheng; Wu, Shengchun; Peng, Liang; Li, Yanan; Zhang, Jianyun; Zhang, Jin; Wong, Ming Hung; Shan, Shengdao; Christie, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.103

Cited by 217 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…e dilution effect reduced the total and bioavailable Cu and Zn concentration associated with the minerals, surface area, and surface functional groups of biochar that are believed to reduce the release of HMs by chemical extraction reagent [136][137][138][139]. Similarly, this was observed in the copyrolysis of sewage sludge with rice straw/ husks, with the addition of rice straw [140,141].…”

Section: Heavy Metal Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Risk Evaluation of Pyrolyzed Biochar from Multiple Wastes

Ndirangu

Liu

et al. 2019

Journal of Chemistry

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This paper aims at demonstrating the significance of biochar risk evaluation and reviewing risk evaluation from the aspects of pyrolysis process, feedstock, and sources of hazards in biochar and their potential effects and the methods used in risk evaluation. Feedstock properties and the resultant biochar produced at different pyrolysis process influence their chemical, physical, and structural properties, which are vital in understanding the functionality of biochar. Biochar use has been linked to some risks in soil application such as biochar being toxic, facilitating GHGs emission, suppression of the effectiveness of pesticides, and effects on soil microbes. These potential risks originate from feedstock, contaminated feedstock, and pyrolysis conditions that favor the creation of characteristics and functional groups of this nature. These toxic compounds formed pose a threat to human health through the food chain. Determination of toxicity levels is a first step in the risk management of toxic biochar. Various sorption methods of biochar utilized low-cost adsorbents, engineered surface functional groups, and nZVI modified biochars. The mechanisms of organic compound removal was through sorption, enhanced sorption, modified biochar, postpyrolysis thermal air oxidation and that of PFRs degradation was through activation, photoactive functional groups, magnetization, and hydrothermal synthesis. Emissions of GHGs in soils amended with biochar emanated through physical and biotic mediated mechanisms. BCNs have a significance in reducing the health quotient indices for PTEs risk contamination by suppressing cancer risk arising from consumption of contaminated food. The degree of environmental risk assessment of HM pollution in biomass and biochars has been determined by using potential ecological risk index and RAC while organic contaminant degradation by EPFRs was considered when assessing the environmental roles of biochar in regulating the fate of contaminants removal. The magnitude of technologies’ net benefit must be considered in relation to the associated risks.

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Section: Heavy Metal Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 75%

Risk Evaluation of Pyrolyzed Biochar from Multiple Wastes

Ndirangu

Liu

et al. 2019

Journal of Chemistry

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“…They postulated that a biomass-sewage sludge matrix was formed during hydrothermal treatment with rice husk addition in which the metals were further entrapped by the enlarged structure of rice husk or chelated with some functional groups, resulting in an enhanced immobilization effect on the metals. A similar cumulative effect of biomass addition on lowering the contamination risk of heavy metals in biochar has been reported by other authors (H. Jin et al, 2017).…”

Section: Co-pyrolysissupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Some of the oil properties, such as high heating value (HHV) and carbon content, have been found to be improved by co-pyrolysis (Q. . In addition to the potential advantages of increasing oil yield and improving oil quality, co-pyrolysis with other waste material could even enhance the heavy metal immobilization in solid residues (Debela et al, 2012;Jin et al, 2017). To study the fate of heavy metals during the thermal treatment of waste, several articles have focused on the total heavy metal content and leaching behavior of residues after treatment (Jin et al, 2014;Thurnau, 1996).…”

Section: Statement Of the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the oil properties such as HHV and carbon content were found to be improved by co-pyrolysis (Q. . Some efforts have been made to investigate the cumulative effect of biomass addition on lowering the contamination risk of heavy metals in sewage sludge residues (H. Jin et al, 2017;Shi et al, 2013b). However, there has been limited research investigating co-pyrolysis effect of oily sludge and sawdust on heavy metal immobilization.…”

Section: Summary Of Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…X. stated that the sorptive interaction via the coordination of metal d-electron to π-electron bonds within the bio-char (cation-π interaction) could be a mechanism for heavy metal retention by bio-char. Some other researchers argued that the complexation of heavy metals with the surface functional groups of bio-chars (especially oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, and nitrogen function groups) may contribute to enhanced heavy metal immobilization (Jin et al, 2017;Shi et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Heavy Metal Speciation Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel treatment and value-added utilization of oily sludge using ionic liquid and pyrolysis

Tian¹

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The effective treatment of oily sludge has been a challenging problem faced by the petroleum industry worldwide. It is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons, water, metallic ions, and suspended fine solids. The recalcitrant nature of oily sludge makes the treatment a difficult and costly task. The objective of this dissertation research was to develop environmentally friendly and economically competitive techniques for oily sludge treatment. Three different approaches were developed: ionic liquid (IL)-enhanced solvent extraction, co-pyrolysis with wood waste, and value-added utilization of oily sludge as sorbent to remove lead (Pb 2+) and cadmium (Cd 2+) from solution. Firstly, as compared to conventional solvent extraction, the ILenhanced solvent extraction not only improved oil recovery efficiency but also greatly reduced solvent and energy consumption as well as shortening the treatment duration even at low IL concentration. Secondly, co-pyrolysis of oily waste and hog fuel was conducted in a fixed bed reactor. Three experimental parameters (pyrolysis temperature, reaction time, and hog fuel addition) were explored to optimize both oil recovery and metal ion immobilization. The latter was tested through sequential extraction techniques with high temperature pyrolysis leading to metal ions fixed within the residues. The addition of hog fuel had a significant synergistic effect on the distribution of metal ions in the various extraction fractions resulting in lower risk index (RI) values. Thirdly, the oily sludge-derived char (OS500) obtained at 500 °C could effectively remove Pb 2+ from solution with the maximum sorption capacity of 373.2 mg/g (based on a Langmuir model). Sorption of Pb 2+ by the OS500 was mainly attributed to its precipitation with carbonate (CO3 2-) originating in OS500. The maximum sorption capacity for Cd 2+ , using a Langmuir model, was 23.19 mg/g. Complexation and metal ion exchange dominated Cd 2+ sorption on OS500. The Pb 2+ sorption capacity dramatically decreased as the iii pyrolysis temperature increased from 500 to 900 °C due to the decomposition of minerals which could release CO3 2at high temperature. The activated OS500 showed a higher sorption capacity (90.06 mg/g) for Cd 2+ than OS500 (23.95 mg/g) because conversion of barite (BaSO4) to witherite (BaCO3) after chemical activation favored the precipitation of Cd-carbonate. iv CO-AUTHORSHIP For all the chapters in this dissertation, I was the principal investigator including design of studies, acquisition of data, and analysis of data. I wrote the manuscripts and was responsible for incorporating comments and feedbacks in the revised manuscripts. Dr. Jianbing Li supervised the experiments and contributed to experimental design, data analysis, and revision of the manuscripts. He is included in authorship on all resulting publications. Dr. Bill McGill and Dr. Todd Whitcombe contributed to the design and implementation of experiments and helped review and improve the manuscripts, so they were included in some of my publications. Dr. ...

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