“…If hydropower development plans are fully implemented, about 40% of the flow to the Pantanal would go through one or more hydropower plants in the future (Souza Filho, 2013), which could significantly change the ecological dynamics of the Pantanal, altering not only the hydrology but also the thermal, nutrient, sediment and water chemistry regimes, geomorphology, and ecology (Olden and Naiman, 2010;Gao et al, 2012). Specific impacts resulting from impoundments include the reduction of aquatic and terrestrial productivity within the flooded areas (Burford et al, 2011;Schindler and Smits, 2017); instability of river channels (Brooks et al, 2012); reduction of available habitats and landscape alteration (Miranda et al, 2015;Aguiar et al, 2016); reduced connectivity between the river and the riparian zone; disturbance of hydrological regime (Stevaux et al, 2012); and changes in water quality (Fantin-Cruz et al, 2016;Silva et al, 2019).…”