Cultured stem cells are sensitive to gravity changes

Буравкова, Л. Б.; Romanov, Yu. A.; Константинова, Н. А.; Мерзликина, Н. В.; Gershovich, Yu. G.; Гривенников, И. А.

doi:10.2514/6.iac-06-a1.4.01

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Specifically, one study determined that a 7–day incubation in a 3D– с linostat caused an increase of the population ratio of human MMSC cells expressing stromal cell antigens CD44+, CD90+, CD29+ [ 39 ]. Another study showed that a 6–day incubation in a horizontal с linostat decreased the number of cells bearing the CD105 and HLA A,B,C antigens in a culture of human bone marrow MMSC [ 45 ]. Our own studies show that a 5–day incubation of MMSC on a RPM causes an increase in the number of cells expressing integrin CD49b, but does not affect the percentage of cells, expressing CD29 [ 46 ].…”

Section: The Role Of Adhesion Receptors In Regulating Precursor Cell mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Gravitational Sensitivity of Osteogenic Precursor Cells

Буравкова

Gershovich

et al. 2010

Acta Naturae

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This report is a detailed review of the current data on the mechanic and gravitational sensitivity of osteoblasts and osteogenic precursor cells in vitro. It summarizes the numerous responses of cells with an osteoblastic phenotype and osteogenic precursor cells and especially their responses to the alteration of their mechanic or gravitational surroundings. The review also discusses the osteogenic cell’s pathways of signal transduction and the mechanisms of gravitational sensitivity. It was shown that the earliest multipotent stromal precursor cells of an adult organism’s bone marrow can sense changes of intensity in a gravitational or mechanic field in model conditions, which may play a certain role in the development of osteopenia in microgravity.

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Section: The Role Of Adhesion Receptors In Regulating Precursor Cell mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Gravitational Sensitivity of Osteogenic Precursor Cells

Буравкова

Gershovich

et al. 2010

Acta Naturae

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“…Introducing a shaken control beside the static control allows one to make a distinction between gravitational and fluid-mixing effects. Mouse embryonic stem cells showed increased proliferation on the clinostat and the shaker compared to a static control [ 73 ]. However, in the same study, these cells revealed a decreased differentiation ability, which could not be explained by simple mixing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Dynamics Appearing during Simulated Microgravity Using Random Positioning Machines

et al. 2017

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Random Positioning Machines (RPMs) are widely used as tools to simulate microgravity on ground. They consist of two gimbal mounted frames, which constantly rotate biological samples around two perpendicular axes and thus distribute the Earth’s gravity vector in all directions over time. In recent years, the RPM is increasingly becoming appreciated as a laboratory instrument also in non-space-related research. For instance, it can be applied for the formation of scaffold-free spheroid cell clusters. The kinematic rotation of the RPM, however, does not only distribute the gravity vector in such a way that it averages to zero, but it also introduces local forces to the cell culture. These forces can be described by rigid body analysis. Although RPMs are commonly used in laboratories, the fluid motion in the cell culture flasks on the RPM and the possible effects of such on cells have not been examined until today; thus, such aspects have been widely neglected. In this study, we used a numerical approach to describe the fluid dynamic characteristic occurring inside a cell culture flask turning on an operating RPM. The simulations showed that the fluid motion within the cell culture flask never reached a steady state or neared a steady state condition. The fluid velocity depends on the rotational velocity of the RPM and is in the order of a few centimeters per second. The highest shear stresses are found along the flask walls; depending of the rotational velocity, they can reach up to a few 100 mPa. The shear stresses in the “bulk volume,” however, are always smaller, and their magnitude is in the order of 10 mPa. In conclusion, RPMs are highly appreciated as reliable tools in microgravity research. They have even started to become useful instruments in new research fields of mechanobiology. Depending on the experiment, the fluid dynamic on the RPM cannot be neglected and needs to be taken into consideration. The results presented in this study elucidate the fluid motion and provide insight into the convection and shear stresses that occur inside a cell culture flask during RPM experiments.

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“…ERK kinases play a significant role in the signalling pathway which controls the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to adipocytes (Feve, 2005). Modelled microgravity-induced alterations in the cytoskeleton of mesenchymal stem cells, such as thinner F-actin fibres and change of the shape of the cells (Buravkova et al ., 2008). Some researchers support that alterations of the cytoskeleton contribute to restrictions in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblasts (Zayzafoon et al ., 2004).…”

Section: Microgravity and Bone Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of autophagy during osteoclastogenesis under microgravity conditions

Markolefa

Lambrou

2018

International Journal of Astrobiology

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Space represents a rather hostile environment for the human body, with the bone loss being one of the most important consequences. Autophagy is a complex cellular process contributing to several cellular processes including recycling, nutrition, apoptosis and response to stressful environments. Recent reports have indicated that autophagy is a process that increases under microgravity conditions. In particular, this was shown to be true in skeletal cells such as the osteoclasts. Suppression of autophagy results in downregulation of osteoclastogenesis, making autophagy a quite tempting therapeutic target for preventing bone loss during space flights. The present work attempts to review the literature on the topic of autophagy role in osteoclastogenesis under microgravity conditions.

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Cultured stem cells are sensitive to gravity changes

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Mechanisms of Gravitational Sensitivity of Osteogenic Precursor Cells

Mechanisms of Gravitational Sensitivity of Osteogenic Precursor Cells

Fluid Dynamics Appearing during Simulated Microgravity Using Random Positioning Machines

The role of autophagy during osteoclastogenesis under microgravity conditions

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