Culture System for Bobwhite Quail Embryos from the Blastoderm Stage to Hatching

Kato, Atsushi; Miyahara, Daichi; Kono, Hiroshi; Atsumi, Yusuke; Mizushima, Shusei; Shimada, Kiyoshi; Ono, Tamao

doi:10.2141/jpsa.0120131

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, the hatchability was approximately 7% with this method, which was improved to approximately 50% by Naito et al (1990). Some culture methods using surrogate eggshells have been reported for quails (Ono et al, 1994;Kamihira et al, 1998;Ono et al, 2005;Kato et al, 2013). Kamihira et al (1998) reported a shell-less culture method for quail embryos using an artificial vessel made of a gaspermeable polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Shell-less Culture System for Chick Embryos Using a Plastic Film as Culture Vessels

Tahara¹,

Obara²

2014

J. Poult. Sci.

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The development of shell-less culture methods for bird embryos with high hatchability would be useful for the efficient generation of transgenic chickens, embryo manipulations, tissue engineering, and basic studies in regenerative medicine. To date, studies of culture methods for bird embryos include the whole embryo culture using narrow windowed eggshells, surrogate eggshells, and an artificial vessel using a gas-permeable membrane. However, there are no reports achieving high hatchability of ＞50% using completely artificial vessels. To establish a simple method for culturing chick embryos with high hatchability, we examined various culture conditions, including methods for calcium supplementation and oxygen aeration. In the embryo cultures where the embryos were transferred to the culture vessel after 55-56 h incubation, more than 90% of embryos survived until day 17 when a polymethylpentene film was used as a culture vessel with calcium lactate and distilled water supplementations. The aeration of pure oxygen to the surviving embryos from day 17 yielded a hatchability of 57.1% (8 out of 14). Thus, we successfully achieved a high hatchability with this method in chicken embryo culture using an artificial vessel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Shell-less Culture System for Chick Embryos Using a Plastic Film as Culture Vessels

Tahara¹,

Obara²

2014

J. Poult. Sci.

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“…When 25 g, 38 g and 45 g (whole egg weight) chicken surrogate shells were used as the second-step culture, 25%, 39% and 26% hatchabilities were available, respectively (Kato et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous study we used first eggs from strains such as Red Junglefowl, Fayoumi, and Silky maintained at the Avian Bioscience Research Center at Nagoya University (Kato et al, 2013). Now we have a meat-producing type of Japanese quail to produce largesized eggs (15.0 g whole egg weight) in our laboratory and enough eggs are available.…”

Section: Al 2013)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously developed a two-step ex vivo culture protocol for bobwhite quail embryos from the blastoderm stage through hatching (Kato et al, 2013) as well as the Japanese quail (Ono et al, 1994). We have now developed a more simplified ex vivo culture protocol for the two species of quail embryos from the blastoderm stage through to hatching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chicks were considered to have hatched when they were completely free from the shell (Fig. 2N).(2) Two-step culture: The first-step procedure was basically according to Kato et al (2013). The size of the surrogate eggshell was 11.5 to 13.0 g. However, the size of the surrogate eggshell was 15.0 g in the second-step.…”

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Simple Culture System for Bobwhite Quail and Japanese Quail Embryos from the Blastoderm Stage to Hatching using a Single Surrogate Eggshell

et al. 2014

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The ex vivo culture of avian embryos is a technique for the long-term culturing of embryos outside of their own shell and shell membrane. It allows easy access to the developing embryos and embryo manipulation. The two-step system is widely applied when the culture is performed after oviposition. Japanese quail as well as bobwhite quail are used as models for avian safety assessment as recommended by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines. However, biological studies on the bobwhite quail have been more limited than those on the Japanese quail. We have developed a more simplified ex vivo culture protocol for the two species of quail embryos from the blastoderm stage through to hatching using a single surrogate eggshell. Hatchabilities of 31% and 27% were obtained in bobwhite quail and Japanese quail embryos, respectively. The simple system described in the present study is an easy and acceptable procedure.Key words: bobwhite quail, culture, embryo, Japanese quail, New World quail, Old World quail J. Poult. Sci., 51: 202-205, 2014 IntroductionThe ex vivo culture of avian embryos is a technique used for the long-term culturing of embryos outside of their own shell and shell membrane. In contrast to shell windowing techniques, the ex vivo culture allows easy access to the developing embryos and embryo manipulation. Avian embryos are subjected to various environmental conditions in the course of normal development. For example, development takes place on the first day in the oviduct of the chicken embryo where egg formation is completed by the deposition of albumen, uterine fluid, chalaza, shell membrane, and shell; for the next 21 days, the enveloping layers act as a buffer between the embryo and egg's environment (Perry, 1988). Current technologies now permit the culture of chicken and Japanese quail embryos from the single-cell stage, which is normally in the oviduct, through to hatching (Perry, 1988;Naito et al., 1990;Ono et al., 1994).Chicken development is divided into three periods for the purpose of the ex vivo culture: fertilization to blastoderm formation lasts for 1 day, embryogenesis for 3 days, and embryonic growth for 18 days (Perry and Mather, 1991). Cultures are divided into three steps, corresponding to these three periods, respectively. The two-step system is widely applied when the culture is performed after oviposition.Quail are divided phylogenetically into two groups, Old World quail such as the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) and New World quail such as the bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) (Silbley and Monroe, 1990). Both Japanese quail and bobwhite quail are used as models for avian safety assessment as recommended by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines (OECD, 2010). However, biological studies on the bobwhite quail have been more limited than those on the Japanese quail.One of the advantages of avian embryos for the experimental analysis of developmental events is the relative ease with which they can b...

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Avian Biotechnology

Nakamura

2017

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Primordial germ cells (PGCs) generate new individuals through differentiation, maturation and fertilization. This means that the manipulation of PGCs is directly linked to the manipulation of individuals, making PGCs attractive target cells in the animal biotechnology field. A unique biological property of avian PGCs is that they circulate temporarily in the vasculature during early development, and this allows us to access and manipulate avian germ lines. Following the development of a technique for transplantation, PGCs have become central to avian biotechnology, in contrast to the use of embryo manipulation and subsequent transfer to foster mothers, as in mammalian biotechnology. Today, avian PGC transplantation combined with recent advanced manipulation techniques, including cell purification, cryopreservation, depletion, and long-term culture in vitro, have enabled the establishment of genetically modified poultry lines and ex-situ conservation of poultry genetic resources. This chapter introduces the principles, history, and procedures of producing avian germline chimeras by transplantation of PGCs, and the current status of avian germline modification as well as germplasm cryopreservation. Other fundamental avian reproductive technologies are described, including artificial insemination and embryo culture, and perspectives of industrial applications in agriculture and pharmacy are considered, including poultry productivity improvement, egg modification, disease resistance impairment and poultry gene "pharming" as well as gene banking.

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Culture System for Bobwhite Quail Embryos from the Blastoderm Stage to Hatching

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

A Novel Shell-less Culture System for Chick Embryos Using a Plastic Film as Culture Vessels

A Novel Shell-less Culture System for Chick Embryos Using a Plastic Film as Culture Vessels

Simple Culture System for Bobwhite Quail and Japanese Quail Embryos from the Blastoderm Stage to Hatching using a Single Surrogate Eggshell

Avian Biotechnology

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