Culture Methods of Eurasian Perch During Ongrowing

Abstract

Three different production systems are used for perch ongrowing: (1) traditional extensive polyculture system, (2) semi-intensive culture farming and (3) intensive perch farming under RAS (Recirculating Aquaculture System(s)). Extensive and semi-intensive culture systems have many production limitations. Therefore, intensive perch farming has been developed in Europe for more continuous and predictive marketable perch production.Marketable perch production under RAS is affected by several main factors of production system. Optimal value and condition of each factor for stable and maximal perch production under RAS are described and recommended in details in this chapter.Overall, white, grey and black tank walls with light regime 12L:12D or 18 L:8D and light intensity 200-1,100 lx create optimal light conditions for intensive ongrowing perch culture. Freshwater or water with salinity under 4 ‰ with temperature 22-24 °C, oxygen saturation around 60-72 % and very low ammonia (below 0.3 mg N-NH 3 · L −1 ) and nitrite (below 0.5 mg NO 2 − · L −1 ) concentrations are optimal conditions for intensive perch production. Disturbance (cleaning of tanks, fi sh size-sorting etc.) must be reduced at minimum level for providing of maximal production which is the highest under optimal fi sh biomass from 10 to 20 kg · m −3 for 10 g perch to 60-70 kg · m −3 for 150 g perch under RAS.

A method for Rearing Perch, Perca fluviatilis, Larvae Using Paramecium caudatum, Followed by Wild Zooplankton and Formulated Dry Feed in Combination With Adequate Tank Systems

“…Lowering and increasing the tank water level as required for cleaning and water renewal, water flow and aeration can disturb larvae buoyancy or cause injury or death of larvae possibly due to changes in hydrostatic pressure, turbulences, or mechanical forces. The perch is a physoclistous fish and the initial inflation of the swimbladder and the closure of the pneumatic duct occur at 6-12 dph (Eglof, 1996;Policar, Samarin, & Mélard, 2015). Woolley and Qin (2010) suggested that larvae might be especially vulnerable to changes in hydrostatic pressure during the period of swimbladder development and differentiation.…”

“…From these experiments it was concluded that a homogenous live feed was necessary as starter feed for perch larvae. Paramecium caudatum fulfilled the necessary criteria as it had an adequate size (length 120-220 µm, width 60-120 µm- Fokin, 1997) to be ingested by perch larvae, which mouth size is 0.35 mm (Policar, Samarin, & Mélard, 2015). However, growth of perch larvae fed with Paramecium caudatum was moderate in comparison to zooplankton, indicating a decreased nutritional value.…”

“…Policar, Samarin, and Mélard (2015) described weaning as extended period of co-feeding Artemia and formulated dry feed from 7-30 dph during which Artemia is progressively replaced by formulated dry feed. According to the method of Szkudlarek and Zakęś (2007) for first feeding of pike perch a mixed feed of Artemia nauplii and artificial feed is useful which is replaced solely by dry feed after 14 dph.…”

“…At present the production of fingerlings adapted to formulated dry feed is one of the major bottlenecks for the intensification of its culture (Policar, Samarin, & Mélard, 2015). The small larvae size, their sensitivity to different kinds of abiotic factors, and their dependence on specific high quality live food are considered as limiting factors (Policar, Samarin, & Mélard, 2015). (Jacquemond, 2004).…”

Impact of two telemetry transmitter implantation incision suturing methods on the physiological state and condition of perch (Perca fluviatilis)

“…The perch were trained to consume formulated feed. The feed used was manufactured by Nutreco (Nutra, Trouvit, France), and the feeding procedure was similar to that reported by Policar et al (2015). The fish were reared under these conditions for approximately ten weeks until they had reached approximately 10 g BW.…”