Cultural Specificity in Amygdala Response to Fear Faces

Chiao, Joan Y.; Iidaka, Tetsuya; Gordon, Heather L.; Nogawa, Junpei; Bar, Moshe; Aminoff, Elissa; Sadato, Norihiro; Ambady, Nalini

doi:10.1162/jocn.2008.20151

Cited by 221 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Using an affective neuroscience approach, Chiao et al (2008) used fMRI scans to show that native Japanese exhibit significantly more activation in the amygdala (i.e., vigilance center) when viewing pictures of people from their culture expressing fear (i.e., an in-group effect) as compared to viewing fearful faces of people from outside their culture (i.e., an out-group effect). This suggests that there is a real physiological difference in an observer's interpretation of an emotion in someone from their culture as compared to someone from another culture.…”

Section: Emotional Dialectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can you trust a customer's expression? Insights into nonverbal communication in the retail context

Puccinelli

Motyka

Grewal

2010

Psychology and Marketing

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Synthesizing knowledge from psychology and marketing research, an understanding of nonverbal communication can help address when and how customers express their underlying feelings in retail interactions that are not evident in direct verbal expressions. Examining nonverbal behavior as an indirect measure of consumer response can enable retailers to better understand the needs of their customers. Nonverbal communication theory is used to develop a conceptual framework that builds on prior research on the situation, expressivity, social status, display rules, and their effects on customer expression. Lay wisdom suggests that customer expression should be revealing (e.g., "the eyes are the windows to the soul"). However, research reveals a myriad of situational factors that may lead customers to mask their true feelings. This paper offers nine theoretical propositions and summarizes research evidence related to these pro-positions from various substantive domains for marketing research.

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Section: Emotional Dialectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can you trust a customer's expression? Insights into nonverbal communication in the retail context

Puccinelli

Motyka

Grewal

2010

Psychology and Marketing

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“…For example, Juan Chiao, one of the leading researchers in the area of CN, defines race as a 'type of social group membership that [...] share a common ethnic heritage and a subset of physical attributes (e.g. skin tone, facial, and body shape)' (Chiao et al 2008(Chiao et al , p. 2172. Due to the fact that the concept of 'ethnic heritage' remains relatively enigmatic, what is left is the subset of biologically founded physical attributes:…”

Section: Ore In Neuroscientific Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…comparisons between black vs. white skin colours (Richeson et al 2008), afrocentric vs. eurocentric features (Ronquillo et al 2007) or between Japanese vs. Caucasian faces (Chiao et al 2008)] and thus related to putatively biological criteria. The problem with this approach is that the outer appearance and, accordingly, the phenotypical definability of group membership form the main argument of group demarcation, ignoring underlying political and social processes.…”

Section: Ore In Neuroscientific Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cultural neuroscience and the category of race: the case of the other-race effect

Malinowska

2016

Synthese

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The use of the category of race in science (in relation to humans) remains controversial. During the last few years there has been a lively debate on this topic in the field of a relatively young neuroscience discipline called cultural neuroscience. The main focus of cultural neuroscience is on biocultural conditions of the development of different dimensions of human perceptive activity, both cognitive or emotional. These dimensions are analysed through the comparison of representatives of different social and ethnic groups. In my article, I present arguments supporting these two hypotheses:(1) the other-race effect understood as an individual, distinct effect does not exist. It is rather an exemplification of a much broader phenomenon which I call the unfamiliarity homogeneity effect. It includes not only problems with differentiation and recognition of faces of representatives of other ethnic groups, but also covers similar recognitional difficulties (e.g. recognition of members of other-social groups, other languages or even certain sounds and objects); (2) The race-based terminology and categories are used in cultural neuroscience research in a vague and inconsistent manner. Such an approach distorts the science both in empirically and conceptually significant respects. The unfamiliarity homogeneity effect is an example of such a situation: narrowing it to the other-race effect makes it difficult to analyse in a wider context crucial for its understanding.

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“…Chiao et al (2008) presented American and Japanese participants with American and Japanese faces posing angry, fearful, happy, or neutral expressions. Both American and Japanese participants showed significantly greater bilateral amygdala response to the perception of fear faces when posed by same-culture, ingroup faces as compared to fear expressions posed by other-culture, outgroup faces.…”

Section: Contributions To Emotion Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain, Behavior, and Culture: Insights from Cognition, Perception, and Emotion

2010

Self Cite

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Recent developments in cultural neuroscience have provided insights showing that human brain function can vary along cultural lines. In the present article, we review the contributions of cultural psychology to the study and understanding of human cognitive neuroscience by focusing on three key areas of importance: cognition, perception, and emotion. We first review what is known about the influence of culture on the brain with regard to some basic cognitive processes: language, mathematics, memory, and perspective-taking/theory of mind. We then review cultural influences on the neuroscience of perception, focusing on the perception of objects, scenes, and social cues. Finally, we review the role of culture in the understanding of emotion recognition from a cognitive neuroscience perspective. Together, these three components of human behavior and brain function serve to illustrate how a unique understanding of cognitive neuroscience can be gained from the study of culture. Psychology as an empirical discipline emerged as recently as the late nineteenth century, perhaps marked by Wilhelm Wundt's establishment of the first psychological laboratory in 1879. The consideration of culture's influence on the mind and behavior was present even in these early days, as Wundt himself is considered one of the first cultural psychologists (see Heine 2008). Despite a series of starts and fits, however, the study of psychology across cultures as it is known today did not take hold until the latter half of the twentieth century. This is largely because of the focus on behaviorism, and later cognition, that dominated mainstream psychological thinking during much of the period between. Yet the groundwork for what are presently the foundations of cross-cultural psychology were active throughout those times, even if only on the margins of psychology -spilling over from disciplines

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Cultural Specificity in Amygdala Response to Fear Faces

Cited by 221 publications

References 36 publications

Can you trust a customer's expression? Insights into nonverbal communication in the retail context

Can you trust a customer's expression? Insights into nonverbal communication in the retail context

Cultural neuroscience and the category of race: the case of the other-race effect

Brain, Behavior, and Culture: Insights from Cognition, Perception, and Emotion

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