Cultural differences and neural correlates of cognitive insight in schizophrenia

Jacob, Arpitha; Shukla, Ayushi; Thonse, Umesh; Nagendra, Bhargavi; Chacko, Dona Maria; Hiremath, Chaitra; Devi, Priyanka; Korann, Vittal; Dey, Avyarthana; Kunte, Mugdha; Philip, Mariamma; Bharath, Rose Dawn; Varambally, Shivarama; Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan; Rao, Naren P.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2019.05.010

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…As reported in the manuscript, we found that main composite BCIS and both subscales were notably higher in PKU participants than in UCL participants (see Supplementary Table 1). Our reported scores on the BCIS were comparable with the scores of a control group in a large-scale clinical study conducted in India (Jacob et al, 2019). In line with our findings, Jacob et al proposed that BCIS may differ between collectivist versus individualist cultures but did not test this empirically.…”

Section: Bcissupporting

confidence: 81%

Identifying cultural differences in metacognition

Plas¹,

Zhang²,

Dong³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Some aspects of human metacognition, such as the ability to consciously evaluate our beliefs and decisions, are thought to be culturally acquired. However, direct evidence for this claim is lacking. As an initial step in answering this question, here we examine differences in metacognitive performance between populations matched for occupation (students), income, demographics and general intelligence, but drawn from two distinct cultural milieus (Beijing, China and London, UK). We show that Chinese participants have heightened metacognitive evaluation of perceptual decision-making task performance in comparison with UK participants. These differences manifested in boosts to post-decisional processing following error trials, despite an absence of differences in first-order performance. In a second experiment, we replicate these findings in a new task that replaced post-decision evidence with equivalent social advice. Together, our results are consistent with a proposal that metacognitive capacity is shaped via socio-cultural interactions.

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Section: Bcissupporting

confidence: 81%

Identifying cultural differences in metacognition

Plas¹,

Zhang²,

Dong³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Furthermore, previous studies have shown that adopting a population‐matched volumetric brain template can reduce the variability of spatial deformation during image registration and help retain more characteristics of an individual brain (Xie, Richards, Lei, Lee, & Gong, ; Yang et al, ; Yoon, Fonov, Perusse, Evans, & the Brain Development Cooperative, ). Indeed, several previous studies on the cross‐cultural analysis of brain mapping have illustrated significant differences in brain functions across populations (Ge et al, ; Jacob et al, ; Zhang et al, ). However, these studies analyzed Asian participants based on the Caucasian brain template, inducing registration bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Constructing and evaluating a cortical surface atlas and analyzing cortical sex differences in young Chinese adults

Yang

Božek

Han

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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Cortical surface templates are an important standardized coordinate frame for cortical structure and function analysis in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies. The widely used adult cortical surface templates (e.g., fsaverage, Conte69, and the HCP-MMP atlas) are based on the Caucasian population. Neuroanatomical differences related to environmental and genetic factors between Chinese and Caucasian populations make these templates unideal for analysis of the cortex in the Chinese population. We used a multimodal surface matching algorithm in an iterative procedure to create Chinese (sCN200) and Caucasian (sUS200) cortical surface atlases based on 200 demographically matched high-quality T1-and T2-weighted (T1w and T2w, respectively) MR images from the Chinese Human Connectome Project (CHCP) and the Human Connectome Project (HCP), respectively. Templates for anatomical cortical surfaces (white matter, pial, midthickness) and cortical feature maps of sulcal depth, curvature, thickness, T1w/T2w myelin, and cortical labels were generated.Using independent subsets from the CHCP and the HCP, we quantified the accuracy of cortical registration when using population-matched and mismatched atlases. The performance of the cortical registration and accuracy of curvature alignment when using population-matched atlases was significantly improved, thereby demonstrating the importance of using the sCN200 cortical surface atlas for Chinese adult population studies. Finally, we analyzed female and male cortical differences within the Chinese and Caucasian populations. We identified significant between-sex differences in cortical curvature, sulcal depth, thickness, and T1w/T2w myelin maps in the frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and insular lobes as well as the cingulate cortices. K E Y W O R D S CHCP, Chinese adult, cortical surface templates, HCP, MRI, MSM

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“…Poor impulse control refers to disordered regulation and control of action on inner urges, resulting in sudden, unmodulated, arbitrary, or misdirected discharge of tension and emotions without concern for consequences. Individuals with a low level of self-reflectiveness lack introspection and openness to external feedback, 13 indicating that they may not be able to observe their own internal emotional impulses, while conversely lacking tolerance for external stimuli. They may, therefore, be more impulsive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 12 Conversely, some studies failed to reveal any differences between psychotic patients and non-psychiatric subjects. 13 14 Additionally, inconsistent findings have been reported in patients with schizophrenia with varying symptoms. For example, Warman et al 14 reported that psychotic individuals without delusions showed lower levels of self-reflectiveness than individuals with delusions and healthy control (HC) subjects, with the latter two groups demonstrating no significant differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between self-reflectiveness and clinical symptoms in individuals during pre-morbid and early clinical stages of psychosis

Cui

Wei

et al. 2022

Gen Psych

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BackgroundSelf-reflectiveness, one dimension of cognitive insight, plays a protective role in an individual’s mental state. Both high and low levels of self-reflectiveness have been reported in patients with schizophrenia and individuals at clinical high risk for the illness.AimsThis study aimed to explore the relationship patterns between self-reflectiveness and clinical symptoms in individuals during the pre-morbid and early clinical stages of psychosis.MethodsA total of 181 subjects, including individuals with attenuated positive symptoms (APS, n=122) and patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP, n=59), completed the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale and were evaluated using the Schedule of Assessment of Insight and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. All subjects were classified into three groups according to their level of self-reflectiveness: low level (LSR, n=59), medium level (MSR, n=67) and high level (HSR, n=55). Both linear and non-linear relationships between self-reflectiveness and clinical symptoms were explored.ResultsMore individuals with APS were classified into the MSR group, while more patients with FEP were classified into the LSR group. The LSR group demonstrated less awareness of illness than the MSR and HSR groups, more stereotyped thinking and poorer impulse control but less anxiety than the MSR group, and lower levels of blunted affect and guilt feelings than the HSR group. The MSR group demonstrated lower stereotyped thinking than the HSR group. Compared to the LSR group, the MSR group had increased self-reflectiveness, improved awareness of illness, decreased stereotyped thinking, and better impulse control, but increased feelings of guilt. The HSR group showed increased stereotyped thinking when compared to the MSR group, but the other variables did not change significantly between these two groups. Overall, self-reflectiveness demonstrated an approximately inverse S-shaped relationship with the awareness of illness, a U-shaped relationship with stereotyped thinking and poor impulse control, and an almost linear relationship with anxiety and guilt feelings.ConclusionsSelf-reflectiveness demonstrates complex relationships with clinical symptoms and fails to exert significant positive effects when reaching a certain high level.

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Cultural differences and neural correlates of cognitive insight in schizophrenia

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

Identifying cultural differences in metacognition

Identifying cultural differences in metacognition

Constructing and evaluating a cortical surface atlas and analyzing cortical sex differences in young Chinese adults

Relationships between self-reflectiveness and clinical symptoms in individuals during pre-morbid and early clinical stages of psychosis

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