Cultural contact, cultural values, and education for life and work as predictors of future orientation in the Baduy community

Abstract

Future orientation is a cognitive construct that explains the future orientation of individuals, especially the younger generation, to anticipate general events. Because education is responsible for the foundation of a sustainable future in a society, government and society need to prepare their younger generation through formal education. But this is not the case with the Baduy indigenous people. Although the government provides formal education for every ethnic group in Indonesia, the Baduy community rejects it. The cultural values of the society do not provide space for formal education. Customs prohibit formal education, and customary leaders hand out severe punishment to members who violate the prohibition. Education provided by custom is not formal, but is education for life and work. With this education, the Baduy community can survive and at the same time maintain its cultural values. These cultural values can affect future orientation. However, due to population growth, the available land area for farming is limited. As a result of this situation, Baduy people have pushed themselves to make cultural contact with the outside world. The purpose of this study was to examine variables, namely education for life and work, cultural contact, and cultural values as predictors of the future orientation in Baduy's younger generation. This study involved 169 respondents from Baduy's younger generation aged 11-21 years. With a survey research approach, this study uses dual language questionnaires, namely: An Education for Life and Work Scale to measure education for life and work, a Cultural Contact Scale to measure cultural contact, a Cultural Value Scale to measure cultural values, and a Future Orientation Questionnaire to measure future orientation. Result show that three variables were found to have an influence on future orientation (F = 8.935, p <.001). It can be concluded that education for life and work, cultural contact, and cultural values influence the future orientation of Baduy's younger generation. The theoretical and practical implications of this finding are discussed.

Islamic Values and Local Wisdoms Manifested as Students' Soft Skills for Society 5.0

“…Another study indicated that graduates of English Literature Study Program, Sultan Agung Islamic University expressed confidence in future encounters since they were equipped with Islamic academic culture in which Islamic values had been implanted in the students' overall behavioural attitudes (Nurhamidah, 2018). Still another study showed that students trained with Islamic accountability were more accepted when studying overseas in Islam-based countries resulting in easier much cultural adjustment than those without such a training prior to departure (Mulyadi, Prabowo, & Chrisnatalia, 2019). The previous studies on Islamic values indicated that chances for such values to be implemented in different settings and purposes are still wide-open.…”