Cultivo do tomateiro em ambiente protegido sob diferentes tensões de água no solo

O tomate, amplamente distribuído pelo mundo, é uma das principais espécies oleráceas, sendo considerado a segunda hortaliça em volume de produção e consumo. Dessa forma, torna-se primordial pesquisas sobre sistemas de condução da cultura e estudos pós-colheita. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se analisar a qualidade do tomate produzido em ambiente protegido na região da Alta Paulista/SP. O experimento foi conduzido na Unidade Regional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Adamantina da APTA Regional, em Adamantina/SP, ano 2021. Utilizou-se semente de tomate “Italiano”, de crescimento determinado. Os frutos foram divididos em “comercial (mesa)” ou “descarte (processamento agroindustrial)”. Foram avaliados massa fresca (g), altura e diâmetro médio dos frutos (mm), sólidos solúveis (oBrix) e aproveitamento dos frutos (%). Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos e 8 repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância para o teste F e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de significância. Observou-se diferença significativa para todas as variáveis, com exceção dos sólidos solúveis. A massa fresca, altura e aproveitamento dos frutos foram os itens com maiores variações quantitativas, respectivamente. Os frutos classificados como “descarte” apresentaram percentual de aproveitamento de 85,25±5,82. Esse resultado mostrou que a produção classificada como “descarte” pode ser vendida para consumo in natura com preço inferior em relação aos frutos selecionados para mesa. Podendo, ainda, ser usado para consumo familiar (como aproveitamento para molho). Concluiu-se que, nas condições em que o trabalho foi conduzido, o tomate “Italiano” avaliado em ambiente protegido na Alta Paulista/SP mostrou-se apto para o consumo destinado à mesa e ao processamento agroindustrial, sendo desta forma recomendado para cultivo comercial.

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“…O tomate é originário da América do Sul, e está amplamente distribuído pelo mundo (Rodrigues et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Qualidade dos frutos de tomate em cultivo protegido

Furlaneto

Nasser²,

Araújo³

et al. 2022

RSD

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Inheritance of resistance to Ralstonia pseudosolanacerum in tomato genotypes Yoshimatsu and Hawaii 7996

Costa,

de Souza,

Carvalho

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Among the various diseases that affect tomato crops, bacterial wilt stands out due to its high level of damage during the cycle and the difficulty of controlling it. Among the control strategies is the use of resistant cultivars. However, in order to obtain these cultivars, resistance inheritance studies are an essential step. With this in mind, the aim of this work was to study the inheritance of resistance to Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum in the tomato genotypes Yoshimatsu and Hawaii 7996 and to determine whether the resistance loci that govern the trait in these materials are the same. The Yoshimatsu and Hawaii 7996 genotypes and the F1, F2, BC11 and BC21 generations were evaluated in one experiment and 60 F2:3 progenies in a second experiment. The severity of bacterial wilt was assessed using a descriptive scale of scores at 20 days after inoculation. In the Yoshimatsu genotype, the inheritance of resistance to Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum is governed by two major effect genes in recessive homozygosity. In the Hawaii 7996 genotype, the inheritance of Ralstonia psedosolanacearum resistance is governed by a gene with partial dominance action. The greatest contribution of gene effects was due to additive variance. For Ralstonia psedosolanacearum it is recommended to select 20 days after inoculation between and within F2:3 progenies.

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Measurement of Water Matriial Potential in the Soil Through Instrumented Tensiometers with Pressure Sensors and Puncture Device

De Queiroz,

De Matos,

Seabra Júnior

et al. 2023

RGSA

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Objective: The search for a practical and accessible solution for measuring water tension in the soil using tensiometers is fundamental for irrigation management, efficient use of water and increased profitability of irrigated crops. The objective of this study was to propose a technique based on the instrumentation of a tensiometer with a pressure sensor and a device for reading the sensor's response. Theoretical Frame: This study used the following main quotes as a theoretical basis: Freescale and NPX Semiconductors manufacturers of pressure sensors, Azevedo & Silva for the soil water tension correction methodology and Van Genuchten to describe the relationship between soil water content and suction. Method: Pressure transducers with a range of 0-50 and 0-100 kPa were used, with an analog signal varying between 200 and 4700 mV, whose response was measured by a digital multimeter with the scale adjusted to V or mV. The transducer was adapted by attaching a hypodermic needle Nº 7/30 to the vacuum measurement inlet, leaving the other inlet free for the atmosphere. The transducer was powered by a 9 Vcc battery with rectified voltage to 5 Vcc through a specific integrated circuit for this function. The conversion of the transducer response signal in mV to voltage in kPa was performed using the response function informed by the manufacturer, reversing the order of the variables so that the voltage could be measured as a function of the output signal in mV. The system was used to measure the water tension in the soil of tensiometers installed in an area cultivated with tomatoes in a greenhouse during a complete cycle, functioning satisfactorily. Results and conclusions: During the experimental period, the water tension in the soil observed with the new tensiometer with pressure sensor and sensor response reading device ranged from 0.00 kPa (minimum tension) to 53.33 kPa (maximum tension) in the two soil layers. analyzed soil, while the average tension was 23.64 kPa in the 0-20 cm soil layer and 21.38 kPa in the 20-40 cm layer. Soil moisture obtained from soil water tension and soil water retention curve ranged from 0.11 (minimum) to 0.50 m3 m-3 (maximum) in both studied soil layers, while that the average soil moisture in the depth from 0 to 20 cm was 0.21 m3 m-3 and from 20 to 40 cm was 0.20 m3 m-3. The instrumented tensiometer with pressure sensor and sensor response reading device makes it possible to satisfactorily determine the matrix potential of water in the soil. The matriial tension data obtained with the new pressure sensor are consistent with reports in the literature as adequate to provide higher yields in tomato cultivation. The technique and instrumentation proposed in this study allows measuring the water tension in the soil, knowing the soil moisture and carrying out irrigation management, applying an irrigation depth according to the needs of the plants, making a more efficient use of water and providing water and electricity savings. Implications of the research: This study qualifies as being of great relevance for the purposes of the Department of Agronomic Engineering at the Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Nova Mutum Campus, as well as for the entire academic and scientific community and rural producers interested in tensiometers to carry out a management of water from the soil and farm sustainably. Originality and value: The study sought to present to the academic, scientific and rural producers community a practical and accessible solution for measuring the water tension in the soil through tensiometers, thus providing current information on a new instrument for irrigation management, which makes it possible to carry out a more efficient use of water and increase the profitability of irrigated crops.

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Cultivo do tomateiro em ambiente protegido sob diferentes tensões de água no solo

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

Qualidade dos frutos de tomate em cultivo protegido

Qualidade dos frutos de tomate em cultivo protegido

Inheritance of resistance to Ralstonia pseudosolanacerum in tomato genotypes Yoshimatsu and Hawaii 7996

Measurement of Water Matriial Potential in the Soil Through Instrumented Tensiometers with Pressure Sensors and Puncture Device

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