Cultivation of Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus

Institutions, History, and Economic Development

“…46 Soon thereafter salaries of judges became fixed during their tenure, and they could be dismissed only if convicted of a criminal offense or by "the address of both houses" (similar to the U.S. impeachment process). 47 Kemp (1957, p. 32-36). The Triennial Act states: "That from henceforth a parliament shall be holden once in three years at the least"; and "That from henceforth no parliament … shall at any time hereafter be called, assembled or held, shall have any continuance longer than for three years only at the farthest."…”

Some Veterinary Diseases of Medical Interest

“…Recently Skinner (1951) has shown that the virus produces a fatal disease, probably myositis, in unweaned mice; that these animals arc susceptible to intraperitoneal injections of small doses and that the virus attains a very high concentration in their tissues. Growth of the virus in tissue culture was first successfully accomplished by Maitland & Maitland (1931), who used embryonic guineapig tissue and clotted g_uinea-pig. Growth of the virus in tissue culture was first successfully accomplished by Maitland & Maitland (1931), who used embryonic guineapig tissue and clotted g_uinea-pig.…”

Foot-and-mouth disease and beyond: vaccine design, past, present and future

“…We now know that the virus can be grown extremely well outside the animal body. Following the pioneering work of Hecke [17], and the Maitlands [26] in England, the major step was made by Frenkel [16] in Holland. By growing the virus in surviving bovine tongue epithelial cells, and helped in no small measure by the antibiotics that had recently become available, Frenkel was able to produce the quantities needed for vaccination to be undertaken on a major scale.…”