Cultivated wild ginseng extracts upregulate the anti-apoptosis systems in cells and mice induced by bisphenol A

Ok, Seon; Kang, Jae Seon; Kim, Kang Min

doi:10.1007/s13273-017-0008-7

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These results indicate that A. millefolium extracts can possibly inhibit apoptosis through inactivation of the Bax-caspase-9-caspase-3 axis. There a limited number of studies demonstrating the anti-apoptosis activity of plant products [ 73 , 74 ]. In addition, several studies have shown that Achillea can trigger apoptosis in various cancer cell types, indicating that Achillea profits in a dual manner in proceeding cell apoptosis, albeit its precise molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Achillea millefolium L. extracts on Clostridioides difficile ribotype 001 in human intestinal epithelial cells

Raeisi,

Azimirad,

Asadi-Sanam

et al. 2024

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common health care-acquired infections. The dramatic increase in antimicrobial resistance of C. difficile isolates has led to growing demand to seek new alternative medicines against CDI. Achillea millefolium L. extracts exhibit strong biological activity to be considered as potential therapeutic agents. In this work, the inhibitory effects of A. millefolium, its decoction (DEC) and ethanol (ETOH) extracts, were investigated on the growth of C. difficile RT001 and its toxigenic cell-free supernatant (Tox-S) induced inflammation and apoptosis. Methods Phytochemical analysis of extracts was performed by HPLC and GC analysis. The antimicrobial properties of extracts were evaluated against C. difficile RT001. Cell viability and cytotoxicity of Caco-2 and Vero cells treated with various concentrations of extracts and Tox-S were examined by MTT assay and microscopy, respectively. Anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of extracts were assessed in Tox-S stimulated Caco-2 cells by RT-qPCR. Results Analysis of the phytochemical profile of extracts revealed that the main component identified in both extracts was chlorogenic acid. Both extracts displayed significant antimicrobial activity against C. difficile RT001. Moreover, both extracts at concentration 50 µg/mL had no significant effect on cell viability compared to untreated cells. Pre-treatment of cells with extracts (50 µg/mL) significantly reduced the percentage of Vero cells rounding induced by Tox-S. Also, both pre-treatment and co-treatment of Tox-S stimulated Caco-2 cells with extracts significantly downregulated the gene expression level of IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, iNOS, Bax, caspase-9 and caspase-3 and upregulated the expression level of Bcl-2. Conclusion The results of the present study for the first time demonstrate the antimicrobial activity and protective effects of A. millefolium extracts on inflammatory response and apoptosis induced by Tox-S from C. difficile RT001 clinical strain in vitro. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential application of A. millefolium extracts as supplementary medicine for CDI prevention and treatment in clinical setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Achillea millefolium L. extracts on Clostridioides difficile ribotype 001 in human intestinal epithelial cells

Raeisi,

Azimirad,

Asadi-Sanam

et al. 2024

BMC Complement Med Ther

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“…Similarly, our previous work showed that various plant components such as curcumin and capsaicin could exert modulatory effects on the gene expression of Bcl-2 in HT-29 cells treated by Tox-S from different C. difficile strains ( Azimirad et al, 2022 ). There are a limited number of studies demonstrating the anti-apoptosis activity of plant products ( Ok et al, 2017 ; Semwal et al, 2021 ). It is possible that higher concentrations of M. longifolia extract can induce apoptotic cell death due to higher concentrations of phenolic components in the extract, which are known for their inhibitory properties on cell growth ( Anantharaju et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic effects of Mentha longifolia L. extract on the regulation of genes involved in inflammation and apoptosis induced by Clostridioides difficile ribotype 001

Raeisi,

Azimirad,

Abdemohamadi

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe dramatic increase in multidrug-resistance of Clostridioides difficile isolates has led to the search for new complementary medicines against C. difficile infection (CDI). In this study, we aimed to examine the inhibitory effects of hydroethanolic extract of Mentha longifolia L. (ETOH-ML) on the growth of C. difficile RT001 and its toxigenic cell-free supernatant (Tox-S)-induced inflammation and apoptosis.MethodsThe active phytochemical components of ETOH-ML were detected using GC and HPLC. The antimicrobial properties of the extract were examined against C. difficile RT001. Furthermore, cell viability and cytotoxicity of Caco-2 and Vero cells treated with various concentrations of ETOH-ML, Tox-S of C. difficile RT001, and their combination were assessed. Anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities of ETOH-ML were explored in Tox-S stimulated Caco-2 cells using RT-qPCR.ResultsBased on our results, rosmarinic acid was the main phytochemical component of ETOH-ML. The extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against C. difficile RT001 by agar dilution and broth microdilution methods. Moreover, ETOH-ML at concentrations of <25 μg/ml had no significant effect on cell viability compared to untreated cells. Treatment cells with the extract (10 or 25 μg/ml) significantly increased the cell viability and reduced the percentage of cell rounding in Caco-2 and Vero cells treated by Tox-S, respectively (P < 0.0001). Co-treatment of Tox-S stimulated Caco-2 cells with ETOH-ML showed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities by downregulating the gene expression level of IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, TGF-β, NF-κB, Bax, and caspase-3, while upregulating the expression level of Bcl-2.DiscussionOur results demonstrated for the first time the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of M. longifolia extract on C. difficile RT001 and its Tox-S. However, further research is needed to evaluate the potential application of M. longifolia extract on CDI treatment in clinical setting.

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“…In an in vitro study, KRG showed anti-inflammatory effects on BPA-treated A549 lung cells by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species and altering the NF-κB activation and COX-2 expression [ 251 ]. In another in vitro study, ginseng prevented BPA-induced apoptosis by upregulating the anti-apoptosis systems [ 252 ]. The effect of KRG supplementation on BPA-induced changes in the liver and uterus of ovariectomized (OVX) animal model has also been studied, which concluded that KRG is protective against BPA-induced inflammatory responses and chemotaxis in ovariectomized (OVX) mice [ 253 ].…”

Section: Various Natural Products That Are Effective Against Bpa-indu...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products in Mitigation of Bisphenol A Toxicity: Future Therapeutic Use

et al. 2022

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Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental toxin with deleterious endocrine-disrupting effects. It is widely used in producing epoxy resins, polycarbonate plastics, and polyvinyl chloride plastics. Human beings are regularly exposed to BPA through inhalation, ingestion, and topical absorption routes. The prevalence of BPA exposure has considerably increased over the past decades. Previous research studies have found a plethora of evidence of BPA’s harmful effects. Interestingly, even at a lower concentration, this industrial product was found to be harmful at cellular and tissue levels, affecting various body functions. A noble and possible treatment could be made plausible by using natural products (NPs). In this review, we highlight existing experimental evidence of NPs against BPA exposure-induced adverse effects, which involve the body’s reproductive, neurological, hepatic, renal, cardiovascular, and endocrine systems. The review also focuses on the targeted signaling pathways of NPs involved in BPA-induced toxicity. Although potential molecular mechanisms underlying BPA-induced toxicity have been investigated, there is currently no specific targeted treatment for BPA-induced toxicity. Hence, natural products could be considered for future therapeutic use against adverse and harmful effects of BPA exposure.

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Cultivated wild ginseng extracts upregulate the anti-apoptosis systems in cells and mice induced by bisphenol A

Cited by 14 publications

References 44 publications

The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Achillea millefolium L. extracts on Clostridioides difficile ribotype 001 in human intestinal epithelial cells

The anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of Achillea millefolium L. extracts on Clostridioides difficile ribotype 001 in human intestinal epithelial cells

Pleiotropic effects of Mentha longifolia L. extract on the regulation of genes involved in inflammation and apoptosis induced by Clostridioides difficile ribotype 001

Natural Products in Mitigation of Bisphenol A Toxicity: Future Therapeutic Use

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