Cultivar competitiveness in pea-oat intercrops under Mediterranean conditions

Baxevanos, Dimitrios; Tsialtas, J. T.; Vlachostergios, Dimitrios Ν.; Hadjigeorgiou, I.; Dordas, Christos; Lithourgidis, Anastasios

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2017.08.024

Cited by 36 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Nitrogen management promoted the competitiveness of maize and forage grasses by increasing vegetative growth and providing greater capacity for utilizing limited availability of water (Marschner, 2012;Yang and Udvardi, 2018). Previous studies have shown significant differences among crops in grass/grass intercropping systems, but not among different types of N addition (O'Leary and Smith, 1999;Baxevanos et al, 2017). When a species has high competitiveness, the plant acquires more resources and occupies a superior ecological niche (Grace and Tilman, 1990).…”

Section: Land Use Efficiency Intercropping Competition Factors and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-Fertilized Systems of Maize Intercropped With Tropical Grasses for Enhanced Yields and Estimated Land Use and Meat Production

Crusciol

Mateus

Momesso

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Intercropping grain with forage crops bridges the gap between agriculture and sustainability. In tropical regions, forage grasses are increasingly being adopted as winter pasture intercropped and in rotation with maize to maximize food production. However, current recommendations for nitrogen (N) fertilizer application are based on monocropped maize (Zea mays), and the best N management approach for intercropping systems remains unclear. A field experiment was carried out in three growing seasons with three intercropping systems [monoculture maize, intercropped with palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha), and intercropped with guineagrass (Megathyrus maximus)] combined with six different split applications of N to maize (0–0, 100–0, 70–30, 50–50, 30–70, and 0–100 kg N ha−1 at seeding-sidedressing) with four replicates. We measured dry matter (DM) and accumulated N in maize and forage grasses, as well as maize production components and yields. Additionally, land equivalent ratio, relative crowding coefficient, aggressivity of maize with forage grasses, forage crude protein (CP) concentration, estimated animal stocking rate, and estimated meat production and economic outcomes. Greatest maize yield was 8.7 Mg ha−1 for monocropped maize. However, favorable maize yield was also obtained in intercropping systems. Although no difference was observed between intercropping systems, applying all N at sidedressing of maize negatively affected maize and forage yields and, consequently, land use and economic evaluation. For both intercropping systems, estimated meat and land use were 114 and 10% higher when N fertilizer was applied than the control (0–0 kg N ha−1), on average. Maize-forage grass intercropping is a viable alternative production system for improving yields and land use. In addition, estimated meat production and revenue can be enhanced with palisadegrass or guineagrass. At least half of the N fertilizer must be applied early in the growing season of maize to maximize production of the entire system.

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Section: Land Use Efficiency Intercropping Competition Factors and Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-Fertilized Systems of Maize Intercropped With Tropical Grasses for Enhanced Yields and Estimated Land Use and Meat Production

Crusciol

Mateus

Momesso

et al. 2020

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oat agronomic traits DtF, HSE and FPH were mainly affected by G, as it was indicated by the significant G × Cs interaction. This interaction for DM, CPY and agronomic traits underlined the need to shift the current selection procedure, that has been primarily focused on the selection of species, seeding ratios and management practices (Caballero et al, 1995;Papastylianou, 2004;Lithourgidis et al, 2006;Dhima et al, 2007;Vasilakoglou et al, 2008) to the selection of genotypes as well (Baxevanos et al, 2017). Francis et al (1976) and Smith and Francis (1986) argued that the differential responses of cultivars across cropping systems have yet to be elucidated and the germplasm selection based on cropping systems depends on the extent of the G × Cs variation, which can be highlighted by the relative performance of different cultivars in two or more systems.…”

Section: Effects Of Main Factors On the Determined Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, while the selection of species, seeding ratios or management factors (e.g. sowing time and density, or N fertilization rates) have drawn considerable attention in the design of cereal/legume intercrops (Yu et al ., 2016), the specific genotypic requirements of an intercrop have gained less interest (Baxevanos et al ., 2017). Hence, identifying compatible genotypes entails investigation for the potential attainment of high forage yield and nutritional quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oat genotypic requirement for intercropping with vetch under Mediterranean conditions

et al. 2020

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Oat (Avena spp. L.) intercropped with common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) has shown high forage yield and crude protein content (CP) in rainfed Mediterranean environments of Greece. The objective was to study the oat genotypic interactions for yield, quality and agronomic traits of four oat accessions (cv. Flega and lines B2, B3 and B4) grown as intercrops with a common vetch cultivar (Pegasus) and as monocrops without or with nitrogen (N) supplementation (100 kg N/ha). In all mixtures, the land equivalent ratio exceeded the unit indicating that there was a yield advantage. Intercrops produced, on average, 5.0% less dry matter (DM) and 38.9% more crude protein yield (CPY) compared to monocropped oats with N fertilization and 3.4% more DM and 75.5% more CPY compared to monocropped oats without N fertilization. The DM, CP and quality differences between the intercropped and monocropped oats were attributed to oats by vetch cultivar interactions. The oat B2 intercropped was the shortest, the latest flowering and the less vigorous early in the season, a trait that allowed common vetch to dominate in the intercrop (vetch participation 770 g/kg). The high vetch fragment in the intercrop contributed to high CP, CPY, acid detergent lignin, total digestible nutrients, relative feeding value, relative forage quality, net energy for lactation and to low neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre and hemicellulose. The replacement value index indicated that the intercrop was 21% more economically viable in comparison to the fertilized monocrop.

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“…Like for sole crops, modeling could provide management guidelines to promote and optimize their use. More specifically, designing productive and resilient crop mixtures is challenging, particularly with respect to i) the choice and proportions of species and genotypes (Baxevanos et al 2017) and ii) their spatio-temporal arrangement in the field (Wezel et al 2014). Both are intended to optimize plant-plant complementarities and positive interactions while minimizing competition to best respond to the existing environment in space and time (Hinsinger et al 2011;Brooker et al 2015Brooker et al , 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current knowledge and future research opportunities for modeling annual crop mixtures. A review

Gaudio¹,

Escobar‐Gutiérrez

Casadebaig³

et al. 2019

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Growing mixtures of annual arable crop species or genotypes is a promising way to improve crop production without increasing agricultural inputs. To design optimal crop mixtures, choices of species, genotypes, sowing proportion, plant arrangement, and sowing date need to be made but field experiments alone are not sufficient to explore such a large range of factors. Crop modeling allows to study, understand and ultimately design cropping systems and is an established method for sole crops.Recently, modeling started to be applied to annual crop mixtures as well.Here, we review to what extent crop simulation models and individual-based models are suitable to capture and predict the specificities of annual crop mixtures. We argued that: 1) The crop mixture spatio-temporal heterogeneity (influencing the occurrence of ecological processes) determines the choice of the modeling approach (plant or crop centered). 2) Only few crop models (adapted from sole crop models) and individual-based models currently exist to simulate annual crop mixtures. 3) Crop models are mainly used to address issues related to crop mixtures management and to the integration of crop mixtures into larger scales such as the rotation, whereas individual-based models are mainly used to identify plant traits involved in crop mixture performance and to quantify the relative contribution of the different ecological processes (niche complementarity, facilitation, competition, plasticity) to crop mixture functioning.This review highlights that modeling of annual crop mixtures is in its infancy and gives to model users some important keys to choose the model based on the questions they want to answer, with awareness of the strengths and weaknesses of each of the modeling approaches. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interestDuchene O, Vian J-F, Celette F (2017) Intercropping with legume for agroecological cropping systems: Complementarity and facilitation processes and the importance of soil microorganisms. A review. Agric Dunbabin VM, Postma JA, Schnepf A, et al (2013) Modelling root-soil interactions using threedimensional models of root growth, architecture and function. Plant Soil 372:93-124. Durand J-L, Andrieu B, Barillot R, et al (2016) Designing and improving mixed grasslands: advances made in modelling forage variety performance. Fourrages 21-28 Duru M, Therond O, Fares M (2015) Designing agroecological transitions; A review. Agron Sustain

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Cultivar competitiveness in pea-oat intercrops under Mediterranean conditions

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Nitrogen-Fertilized Systems of Maize Intercropped With Tropical Grasses for Enhanced Yields and Estimated Land Use and Meat Production

Nitrogen-Fertilized Systems of Maize Intercropped With Tropical Grasses for Enhanced Yields and Estimated Land Use and Meat Production

Oat genotypic requirement for intercropping with vetch under Mediterranean conditions

Current knowledge and future research opportunities for modeling annual crop mixtures. A review

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