Cultivar by environment effects of perennial ryegrass cultivars selected for high water soluble carbohydrates managed under differing precipitation levels

Robins, Joseph G.; Lovatt, J. A.

doi:10.1007/s10681-015-1607-9

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…They found that even a tetraploid cultivar not specifically bred for WSC content (AberTorch) had greater WSC than a HSG diploid cultivar (AberDart), which was not the case in the current study where 2nHSNZ and 4nSt cultivars had similar WSC concentrations through all seasons. However, these findings contrast with the pattern observed by Robins and Lovatt () and by Gilliland et al. ().…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…()) through its effect on the expression of the genes coding for the enzymes involved in the synthesis of fructans (Rasmussen, Xue, Newman, & Parsons, ). This requirement is probably more likely to be accomplish through the years under UK climate conditions, particularly in Aberystwyth, where these cultivars have been developed, where the long‐term average minimum and maximum temperatures are 6.7 and 13.5°C (Robins & Lovatt, ), which contrasts with the temperatures recorded in the year of evaluation of the present study (8.4 and 17.5°C, respectively). However, changes in mean temperature and interannual variation are expected to occur under a scenario of global warming (Boer, ), which might imply that the weather conditions required for the expression of the high sugar trait could be present in certain years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The evaluation of traits of interest must be supported by the agronomic research of the G × E interaction (Lee, Matthew, Thom, & Chapman, ) in multiple environments. In this aspect, Robins and Lovatt () evaluating six environments suggest that environments with higher temperatures will result in lower levels of WSC and that water stress environments are a way to express the genetic variation underlying WSC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does the “high sugar” trait of perennial ryegrass cultivars express under temperate climate conditions?

Rivero

Balocchi

Moscoso

et al. 2019

Grass and Forage Science

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The objective was to evaluate water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and crude protein (CP) concentration of perennial ryegrass (PRG) cultivars with different genetic potential for producing WSC under two contrasting agronomic managements in temperate climate (southern Chile). A 4 × 2 factorial design was randomly allocated to 24 plots (31 m2 each, three blocks): four PRG cultivars (diploid standard cultivar, “2nSt”; tetraploid standard cultivar, “4nSt”; diploid high sugar cultivar developed in New Zealand, “2nHSNZ”; and tetraploid high sugar cultivar developed in Europe, “4nHSEU”) and two agronomic managements (“favourable,” defoliations at three leaves per tiller and nitrogen (N) fertilization rate of 83.3 kg N ha−1 year−1; “unfavourable,” defoliations at two leaves per tiller and N fertilization rate of 250 kg N ha−1 year−1). Herbage samples were collected in early spring, spring, summer and autumn. Concentration of WSC did not differ among cultivars in spring and summer, averaging 194 and 251 g/kg DM, respectively. The cultivar 4nHSEU had the greatest WSC concentration in early spring and autumn (187 and 266 g/kg DM, respectively) and the greatest CP concentration across samplings (average 230 g/kg DM). Favourable management improved WSC concentrations in early spring and summer and decreased CP in spring, summer and autumn. Annual DM yield did not vary with cultivar or management, averaging 8.43 t/ha. Within a 12‐month study at one site in a temperate environment in southern Chile, PRG cultivars have not shown a consistent expression of the “high sugar” trait, where a genetic × environment interaction might be operating.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Does the “high sugar” trait of perennial ryegrass cultivars express under temperate climate conditions?

Rivero

Balocchi

Moscoso

et al. 2019

Grass and Forage Science

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“…Using near infrared spectroscopy approaches, WSC is easy to measure and characterize in targeted population improvement programs; however, its inheritance is strongly affected by location and GEI effects. High WSC perennial ryegrass cultivars may fail to express the phenotype in vastly differing environments, such as New Zealand [32] and the US [33]. The prevailing hypothesis for the GEI effect is that the higher summer temperatures limit the photosynthesis of the C 3 grasses and result in lower WSC concentrations in the forage [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genotype by environment interaction is the rule rather than the exception in forage grass breeding [25,33]. However, a main objective of this study was the characterization of this interaction to allow future use of the GEI to maximize breeding goals in orchardgrass.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation and Correlations among European and North American Orchardgrass Germplasm for Herbage Yield and Nutritive Value

et al. 2016

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Efforts to improve water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations are common in perennial forage grass breeding. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) breeding has been very successful in developing new cultivars with high WSC and high agronomic performance. Breeding efforts are ongoing to improve the WSC of other perennial forage grasses, such as orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata). The United States Department of Agriculture Forage and Range and Deutsche Saatveredelung orchardgrass breeding programs cooperated to characterize the expression and genotype by environment interaction (GEI) of water-soluble carbohydrates in a collection of orchardgrass populations from both breeding programs. Additionally, the effort characterized the relationship between water-soluble carbohydrates and other agronomic and nutritive value traits in these populations. Overall, the Deutsche Saatveredelung populations had higher herbage mass (15%), rust resistance (59%), and later maturity. The Forage and Range Research populations had higher water-soluble carbohydrates (4%), nutritive value, and earlier maturity. However, results were highly dependent on GEI. Differences were very pronounced at the French and German field locations, but less pronounced at the two US locations. Combining the germplasm from the Forage and Range Research and Deutsche Saatveredelung programs may be a way to develop an improved base germplasm source that could then be used separately in the EU and US for water-soluble carbohydrate and other trait improvement.

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Evaluation of endophyte toxin production and its interaction with transgenic perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) with altered expression of fructosyltransferases

et al. 2018

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Alkaloid concentration of perennial ryegrass herbage is affected by endophyte strain and host plant genotype. However, previous studies suggest that associations between host and endophyte also depends on environmental conditions, especially those affecting nutrient reserves and that water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration of perennial ryegrass plants may influence grass-endophyte associations. In this study a single transgenic event, with altered expression of fructosyltransferase genes to produce high WSC and biomass, has been crossed into a range of cultivar backgrounds with varying Epichloë endophyte strains. The effect of the association between the transgenic trait and alkaloid production was assessed and compared with transgene free control populations. In the vast-majority of comparisons there was no significant difference between alkaloid concentrations of transgenic and non-transgenic plants within the same cultivar and endophyte backgrounds. There was no significant difference between GOI+ (gene of interest positive) and GOI- (gene of interest negative) populations in Janthritrem response. Peramine concentration was not different between GOI+ and GOI- for 10 of the 12 endophytes-cultivar combinations. Cultivar Trojan infected with NEA6 and Alto with SE (standard endophyte) exhibited higher peramine and lolitrem B (only for Alto SE) concentration, in the control GOI- compared with GOI+. Similarly, cultivar Trojan infected with NEA6 and Alto with NEA3 presented higher ergovaline concentration in GOI-. Differences in alkaloid concentration may be attributable to an indirect effect in the modulation of fungal biomass. These results conclude that the presence of this transgenic insertion, does not alter the risk (toxicity) of the endophyte-grass associations. Endophyte-host interactions are complex and further research into associations with high WSC plant should be performed in a case by case basis.

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Cultivar by environment effects of perennial ryegrass cultivars selected for high water soluble carbohydrates managed under differing precipitation levels

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Does the “high sugar” trait of perennial ryegrass cultivars express under temperate climate conditions?

Does the “high sugar” trait of perennial ryegrass cultivars express under temperate climate conditions?

Variation and Correlations among European and North American Orchardgrass Germplasm for Herbage Yield and Nutritive Value

Evaluation of endophyte toxin production and its interaction with transgenic perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) with altered expression of fructosyltransferases

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