Cuidado de enfermagem na gestação de alto risco: revisão integrativa

Abstract

Aim: to analyze the scientific production regarding the nursing care provided to high-risk pregnant mothers. Method: this is an integrative review, performed between September and October 2015 via PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SciE LO, ME D LI NE , LI LA C S and B D E NF databases, using the key terms “Nursing C are A ND Pregnancy”, and “H igh-Risk”, which resulted in 23 articles. The analysis of data was processed through IRAMUTEQ® software. Results: there were six classes, which represented interfaces of nursing care to high-risk pregnant mothers and that are related to: motivations, specialized care, education, nursing strategies, multi-professional assistance, and context of care. Conclusion: the care of high-risk pregnant mothers was evident through a quality pre-natal and home care, from the plan of individualized care organized by the nurse and by the multi-professional team, under family support and via use of light technologies.

Motivações para realizar práticas de cuidado na gestação de alto risco

“…Evidentemente, como os profissionais de saúde são coadjuvantes nesta experiência e desempenham importante papel para a manutenção da saúde do binômio mãe e feto, eles precisam reconhecer momentos críticos e intervir com sensibilidade, empatia e segurança, o que pode ser decisivo no bem-estar físico e emocional da gestante de alto risco (Rodrigues et al, 2016;Santos et al, 2018;Ortolani & Ignatti, 2018).…”

“…Nesta condição, o enfermeiro tem oportunidade de exercer seu papel de cuidador e educador, dividindo o seu saber, evitando, assim, posturas autoritárias. Pela aproximação com a gestante, há maior chance de adesão e efetivo cuidado (Rodrigues et al, 2016). Na gestação de alto risco, há demanda acrescida de cuidados especiais, produção de sentimentos relativos ao risco da gravidez, tanto para ela quanto para o concepto, assim como maior probabilidade de alteração da rotina da mulher e de sua família, o que a sobrecarrega emocionalmente (Wilhelm et al, 2015;Oliveira & Mandú, 2015).…”

Association between Adherence with Recommended Antenatal Care in Low-Risk, Uncomplicated Pregnancy, and Maternal and Neonatal Adverse Outcomes: Evidence from Italy

“…According to the very stringent criteria set up by our MAP group for post-hoc definition of low-risk, uncomplicated pregnancies, around 60% of the pregnancies observed in the Italian region of Lombardy, should have been candidates for "routine" ANC. The complementary figure that about 40% of pregnancies should be considered at intermediate/highrisk, a percentage enormously higher than expected 6-33% [4,[23][24][25], must be considered as a very precautionary tool for advising additional specialized care addressed to pregnancy at greater risk. Our selection criteria explain that very low prevalence of adverse outcomes have been observed.…”

Nursing strategies and actions on breastfeeding: integrative review / Estratégias e ações do enfermeiro no incentivo ao aleitamento materno: revisão integrativa

“…4 Nurses play an important role in carrying out actions in individualized care, with easy-to-understand communication, with resources that facilitate the understanding of the importance of breastfeeding, through workshops, educational lectures, videos, group activities aimed at the exchange of information and experiences, seeking the sum of knowledge, minimizing doubts, difficulties and possible complications. 5 Knowing the importance of the encouragement and promotion of breastfeeding and knowing the broad formation and field of action of Nursing, this study aims to identify the strategies and actions used by nurses in encouraging breastfeeding.…”