Cubicle management and coliform mastitis

Dodd, F. H.; Higgs, T. M.; Bramley, A. J.

doi:10.1136/vr.114.21.522

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Infection of the index case, a cow that showed CM in early April 2006, with RAPD type A may subsequently have resulted in the amplification of this strain, followed by dissemination via the milking machine or bedding material. Sawdust bedding is an excellent substrate for growth of Klebsiella, and sawdust that is contaminated with milk supports much higher levels of coliform bacteria than sawdust that is not contaminated with milk (8). In the outbreak that we observed, contaminated sawdust may have been a vehicle for transmission, or it may have become a secondary source due to additional amplification of the outbreak strain after contamination of the bedding with milk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Molecular Epidemiology of TwoKlebsiella pneumoniaeMastitis Outbreaks on a Dairy Farm in New York State

et al. 2007

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Klebsiella spp. have become an important cause of clinical mastitis in dairy cows in New York State. We describe the occurrence of two Klebsiella mastitis outbreaks on a single dairy farm. Klebsiella isolates from milk, feces, and environmental sources were compared using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR typing. The first mastitis outbreak was caused by a single strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae, RAPD type A, which was detected in milk from eight cows. RAPD type A was also isolated from the rubber liners of milking machine units after milking of infected cows and from bedding in the outbreak pen. Predominance of a single strain could indicate contagious transmission of the organism or exposure of multiple cows to an environmental point source. No new cases with RAPD type A were observed after implementation of intervention measures that targeted the prevention of transmission via the milking machine as well as improvement of environmental hygiene. A second outbreak of Klebsiella mastitis that occurred several weeks later was caused by multiple RAPD types, which rules out contagious transmission and indicates opportunistic infections originating from the environment. The diversity of Klebsiella strains as quantified with Simpson's index of discrimination was significantly higher for isolates from fecal, feed, and water samples than for isolates from milk samples. Several isolates from bedding material that had the phenotypic appearance of Klebsiella spp. were identified as being Raoultella planticola and Raoultella terrigena based on rpoB sequencing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Molecular Epidemiology of TwoKlebsiella pneumoniaeMastitis Outbreaks on a Dairy Farm in New York State

et al. 2007

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“…The direct effect is that ventilation lowers air temperature and removes from the house air the moisture and gaseous pollutants arising from the respiratory activity of the animals and the decomposition and fermentation of manure (Wathes, 1992;Charles, 1994). The indirect effect is that increased air temperature and relative humidity, due to poor ventilation, enhance the growth and multiplication of microorganisms in the air and in the litter (Wathes et al, 1983;Dodd et al, 1984). The lack of significant differences in the concentrations of dust, gaseous pollutants and airborne microorganisms (Table 2) suggests that all the ventilation regimens provided a satisfactory control of the air quality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ventilation regimen on micro-environment and on ewe welfare and milk yield in summer

Sevi

Taibi

Albenzio

et al. 2003

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The effects of ventilation regimen on air quality, and on the welfare and production performance of thirty-six Comisana
ewes were assessed in a 6-week trial conducted during the summer of 2002. Animals were divided into three groups of
12, and subjected to the following treatments: low ventilation regimen providing a mean ventilation rate (VR) of 35 m3/h
per ewe, split in 30 min ventilation cycles at an air speed of 2 m/s (LOV-30); moderate ventilation regimen (VR = 70
m3/h per ewe) split in 30 min ventilation cycles at an air speed of 4 m/s (MOV-30); moderate ventilation regimen (VR =
70 m3/h per ewe) split in 60 min ventilation cycles at an air speed of 2 m/s (MOV-60). Air concentrations of microorganisms,
dust, and gaseous pollutants were measured twice weekly. Respiration rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT)
were monitored throughout the trial at 0830 and at 1400. Behavioral traits of ewes were recorded twice per week from
0900 to 1200 and from 1500 to 1800. Cell-mediated immune response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and humoral
immune response to chicken egg albumin were determined. At d 37 ewes were injected with porcine ACTH, and subjected
to blood sampling for evaluation of cortisol concentrations immediately before and 1, 2 and 4 h after ACTH injection.
Milk yield was recorded daily. Individual milk samples were analyzed for composition, renneting parameters, somatic
cell count (SCC), and bacteriological characteristics. Averages of maximum THI were about 3 points higher in the LOV-
30 and the MOV-30 than in the MOV-60 room, whereas no differences emerged in the air concentrations of dust, gaseous
pollutants and microorganisms. Significant interactions of treatment x time (P < 0.05) were found for respiration rate,
and for the time the ewes spent lying, idling and eating in the afternoon during weeks 2 and 3 of the study period.
Significant effects of ventilation regimen x time (P < 0.05) were also observed for milk yield and milk renneting parameters,
the LOV-30 ewes giving smaller volumes of milk with a deteriorated coagulating behavior than those of the MOV-
60 group during the second half of the trial. No significant differences emerged in ewe immune and endocrine responses.
Results show that ventilation regimen had a moderate impact on ewe behavior, physiology and production performance.
This experiment suggests that the length of ventilation cycles and air speed, together with ventilation rate, are
critical for efficient ventilation regimens

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“…Plus que le choix d'un matériau de litière, il semble que sa gestion, en particulier la fréquence de renouvellement des parties souillées par de la litière propre, représente le facteur qui a le plus d'impact sur son niveau de contamination bactérienne. Dodd et al (1984) ont montré qu'un entretien journalier de la partie arrière des logettes (sur environ 1 m 2 ) réduisait très significativement le nombre de coliformes par gramme de litière à base de sciure, comparativement à un entretien hebdomadaire. L'équipement des couloirs des étables à logettes avec des revêtements en caoutchouc présente aussi des avantages.…”

Section: Il Ressort D'une éTude Deunclassified

Aménagement des logettes et confort des vaches laitières

2014

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Réalisant un bon compromis entre les besoins des animaux et ceux des éleveurs, la stabulation libre à logettes s’est imposée comme une des principales modalités d’hébergement des vaches laitières. Les recommandations relatives à sa mise en place et à sa gestion font cependant toujours l’objet de révisions. Une attention particulière est actuellement accordée à l’amélioration des conditions de confort de la vache. Le confort de la vache couchée peut être évalué par le temps passé en position couchée, la fréquence des changements de position et la facilité avec laquelle les vaches se couchent et se lèvent. Le confort de couchage est principalement lié à la souplesse du sol, aux dimensions des logettes et à la façon de les délimiter tant latéralement qu’à l’avant. Un sol suffisamment souple peut être assuré soit par des matelas multicouches, soit par des litières épaisses. Les matelas doivent être recouverts d’un matériau de litière absorbant l’humidité en surface et contribuant à garantir la propreté du sol et de la mamelle. Pour atteindre ces objectifs, la nature du matériau (paille, sciure, sable, chaux…) apparaît moins importante que la fréquence de renouvellement. Les logettes « creuses », dont le sol est recouvert d’une couche épaisse (± 20 cm) de litière, semblent globalement mieux appréciées par les vaches que celles équipées de matelas et leur utilisation est associée à une moindre fréquence de lésions au niveau des membres ainsi que de boiteries. Le sable apparaît comme un matériau de premier choix pour assurer le confort des animaux. Néanmoins, l’entretien des logettes creuses demande un surcroît de travail et la manutention de sable comme matériau de litière nécessite des équipements spécifiques. Les recommandations relatives aux dimensions des logettes entrent dans une fourchette de valeurs assez étendue car devant être adaptées au gabarit des animaux et intégrer la recherche de conditions optimisant la propreté du bâti. Les modèles de séparations latérales sont à évaluer quant à leur efficacité à contraindre l’animal à ne pas déborder sur les emplacements voisins tout en évitant qu’il ne se blesse ou ne soit gêné lors du lever et du coucher. Enfin, le dispositif limitant l’avancement dans la logette sera jugé sur son efficacité à dégager l’espace nécessaire pour permettre à l’animal de projeter sans contrainte la tête vers l’avant lors du relevé.

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Cubicle management and coliform mastitis

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of TwoKlebsiella pneumoniaeMastitis Outbreaks on a Dairy Farm in New York State

Molecular Epidemiology of TwoKlebsiella pneumoniaeMastitis Outbreaks on a Dairy Farm in New York State

Influence of ventilation regimen on micro-environment and on ewe welfare and milk yield in summer

Aménagement des logettes et confort des vaches laitières

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