Cu+–Ti3+ interface interaction mediated CO2 coordination model for controlling the selectivity of photocatalytic reduction CO2

Linking oxidative and reductive clusters to prepare crystalline porous catalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with H2O

“…XPS showed that the observed Ti 2 p binding energy at 459.0 eV in Ti 6 was consistent with Ti 4+ , while the Cu 2 p binding energy at 932.8 eV and 934.6 eV in Cu 3 were assigned to Cu 1+ and Cu 2+ , respectively (Fig. 4a, b ) 18 , 30 . Previous studies found that the production of Cu 2+ was due to the surface oxidation, and the Cu valence could be switched between Cu 1+ and Cu 2+ without altering the backbone of Cu 3 (pyrazolate) 3 triangular SBUs 32 , 50 .…”

“…Up to date, tremendous efforts have been made to mimic green plants, including type II and Z-scheme heterojunctions for the artificial photosynthesis systems 14 – 17 . Therefore, combining two or more catalytic sites to accomplish spatial separation of oxidative and reductive centers, rapid transfer of electrons, and functional interactions may be a promising strategy for realizing the overall photoreaction 18 – 20 . Nevertheless, cumbersome synthetic procedures and loss of atomic-scale control are the serious flaws of these strategies, which hinder the understanding of photocatalysis at the atomic level 21 , 22 .…”

A CuI Cluster‐Based Covalent Metal‐Organic Framework as a Photocatalyst for Efficient Visible‐Light‐Driven Reduction of CO2

“…In the high-resolution XPS spectrum of Cu 3 L 3 , the Cu 2p 3/2 binding energies at 932.6 and 934.6 eV were assigned to Cu I and Cu II , respectively (Figure 1d). [18,21] Cu II was derived from the oxidation of Cu I on the surface of Cu clusters, and the change of Cu valence had no impact on the cyclic triangular skeleton of Cu clusters. [22] Notably, the Cu 2p 3/2 binding energy of JNM-2 displayed a slight shift of 0.5 eV in comparison with Cu 3 L 3 , which was probably attributed to the fact that the Cu clusters and the organic ligands were successfully linked by covalent bonds and an internal electric field was formed between them, thus facilitating the intramolecular electron transfer.…”

Review on CeO2-Based Photocatalysts for Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2: Progresses and Perspectives

“…Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is a key greenhouse gas, and its steady annual increase in the atmosphere has contributed to climate change. − Sea level rise, altered ocean currents, and extreme weather are just a few of the climate problems it has spawned, all of which pose serious threats to the long-term viability of human civilization. Energy security and environmental pollution are two of the most pressing issues in the world today, and the vigorous development of renewable energy sources is a major way to address these issues while also addressing the growing tension between ecological damage and resource constraints. − While low-carbon energy’s share has grown, national-level economic growth data shows that the world economy is still highly reliant on fossil fuels, the burning of which will contribute to the continued increase in CO 2 emissions. − The necessity of accelerating the pace of energy transition and ensuring energy security is therefore all the more urgent at this time. Within this, the effective control of CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere will be a major environmental issue for humans. ,− Finding and implementing eco-friendly energy solutions should be a priority for academics.…”