CTX-M type extended-spectrum β-lactamase in Escherichia coli isolated from extra-intestinal infections in a tertiary care hospital in south India

Abstract

Background & objectives: Infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli carrying bla CTX-M genes have been spreading globally, but there are geographical variations in the type of bla CTX-M genes prevalent and there are scanty data from India. This study was conducted to determine the CTX-M type ESBLs in E. coli isolates obtained from clinical specimens from patients with extra-intestinal infections attending a tertiary care hospital in south India. Methods: ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from patients with extra-intestinal infections were subjected to PCR using CTX-M group-specific primers. From a representative isolate, full-length CTX-M-15 gene was amplified and sequenced. An internal fragment of this gene was sequenced in 10 representative isolates. Results: Of the 300 isolates of E. coli tested, 88 per cent carried CTX-M genes and bla CTX-M-15 was the most dominant gene present in 90 per cent of the positive isolates. Most (91%) of the isolates positive for bla CTX-M were sensitive to meropenem. Interpretation & conclusions: Our findings showed bla CTX-M-15 to be the dominant gene. Based on the data on antimicrobial susceptibility, cefoperazone-sulbactum could be an antimicrobial of choice.

Antimicrobial resistance in patients with suspected urinary tract infections in primary care in Assam, India

“…Less frequently, we found other ESBL types such as PER, TEM, VEB, GES and OXA, which corresponded with other previous studies. 42 , 43 The high frequency of the B1 phylotype among the E. coli isolates in this study was in contrast to a previous study where the phylotype B2 was found to be the most common group among E. coli strains. 44 …”

Genome-Wide Identification of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram- Negative Bacterial (CR-GNB) Isolates Retrieved From Hospitalized Patients in Bihar, India

“…For example, study conducted on 130 clinical samples in E. coli and K. pneumoniae taken from Aligarh, Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh; North India) and Hubli (Karnataka; South India) have shown the prevalence of bla CTX−M−15 gene (Nair et al, 2021). In another study, 300 isolates of E. coli tested and found that bla CTX−M−15 was the most dominant gene (Rohit et al, 2019). Likewise, the study conducted on carbapenem-resistance genes in urinary isolates of K. pneumoniae (from Southern India) showed high prevalence of bla CTX−M−15 gene (Muzaheed et al, 2008), where's analysis of 1275 strains from E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed the increasing prevalence of (Zhao & Hu, 2013) and United States in GNB isolates.…”