CT appearance of focal fatty infiltration of the liver

Ra, Halvorsen; Korobkin, Melvyn; Ram, Panol C.; Thompson, W M

doi:10.2214/ajr.139.2.277

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Commonly focal fatty infiltration produces wedge-shaped areas of low attenuation, extending to the periphery of the liver without mass effect (Halvorsen et al, 1976). This is usually easy to diagnose on ultrasound or CT; however, in the context of patients receiving chemotherapy, assessment of the presence and size of metastases is more difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of hepatic steatosis by computerized tomography in patients receiving 5-fluorouracil-based therapy for advanced colorectal cancer

Peppercorn

Reznek²,

Wilson³

et al. 1998

Br J Cancer

154

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Summary The frequency and severity of fatty infiltration of the liver in patients receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and folinic acid has not been documented systematically. Its development can result in difficulty assessing disease progression, and treatment may be altered inappropriately. Twenty-seven patients with colon cancer and liver metastases receiving 5-FU and folinic acid were studied with computerized tomography (CT) before treatment and after six or 12 cycles of chemotherapy. Forty-seven per cent of patients developed hepatic steatosis during treatment. There was no correlation between development of hepatic steatosis and the dose of chemotherapy or the liver function tests. Hepatic steatosis occurs commonly in patients receiving 5-FU and folinic acid and can be severe. Its development can make hepatic metastases difficult to assess and if its benign nature is not appreciated treatment may be inappropriately altered.Keywords: colon cancer; liver steatosis; computerized tomography; chemotherapy; 5-fluorouracilIn the treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer, abdominal computerized tomography (CT) is the most widely used technique to determine stage and to monitor the response of liver metastases and other sites of disease to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy. The diagnosis of metastatic disease is either made during laparotomy or by CT-or ultrasound-guided liver biopsy.It has been observed, while scanning such patients, that they may develop a decrease in liver attenuation consistent with steatosis during treatment with 5-FU, which is used extensively alone or in combination with other drugs for adenocarcinoma of the large bowel. Although fatty change of the liver is well recognized after administration of various chemotherapy regimens (Leevy and Tygstrup, 1976), its frequency and severity has not been documented. Also its occurrence after 5-FU alone or with folinic acid has been noted incidentally in one study and found only to occur when administered with interferon in another (Moertel et al, 1993;Sorensen et al, 1995). The accuracy of CT in establishing the presence of fatty change of the liver is well established (Bydder et al, 1980). The decrease in liver attenuation is important because metastases demonstrated on CT are usually of lower attenuation than normal liver parenchyma and as the liver becomes more fatty, and therefore less dense, the metastases can become increasingly difficult to delineate. This may result in the false impression of a therapeutic response. The confusion can be exacerbated particularly in the presence of focal sparring within fatty change that can mimic metastases (Yates and Streight, 1986). Treatment may be stopped if this benign cause for the liver appearances is misinterpreted as progressive disease.Received 11 August 1997 Revised 24 September 1997 Accepted 11 November 1997 Correspondence to: PD Peppercorn The aim of this study is to examine the frequency and severity of fatty change of the liver as seen on CT in patients receiving 5-FU and folinic...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of hepatic steatosis by computerized tomography in patients receiving 5-fluorouracil-based therapy for advanced colorectal cancer

Peppercorn

Reznek²,

Wilson³

et al. 1998

Br J Cancer

154

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“…, and when focal areas of fat are present, the fatty area may be masslike in appearance [1]. We discuss seven patients with focal fatty infiltration whose specific sonographic findings were highly suggestive of the fatty nature of the masses.…”

Section: Characteristicmentioning

confidence: 93%

Characteristic sonographic signs of hepatic fatty infiltration

Quinn¹,

Gosink²

1985

American Journal of Roentgenology

120

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“…The fat within a lipoma is diffusely distributed with no soft tissue density component [6,20]. Focal fatty infiltration of the liver is not as well defined and appears as a nonspherical mass with absence of mass effect and segmental distribution [21]. Peritoneal implants from a spilled teratoma may simulate a fat-containing hepatic tumor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatic angiomyolipoma

1994

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The imaging and pathological appearances of a hepatic angiomyolipoma are presented. On ultrasound (US), the mass was well-defined and echogenic. On computed tomography (CT), the lesion appeared of soft tissue density with peripheral foci of lower density. The case illustrates the difficulty of detecting the fatty content of a tumor by CT when the fatty content represents only a small portion of the lesion. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and needle biopsy did not yield diagnostic material, and the tumor was resected.

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CT appearance of focal fatty infiltration of the liver

Cited by 95 publications

References 9 publications

Demonstration of hepatic steatosis by computerized tomography in patients receiving 5-fluorouracil-based therapy for advanced colorectal cancer

Demonstration of hepatic steatosis by computerized tomography in patients receiving 5-fluorouracil-based therapy for advanced colorectal cancer

Characteristic sonographic signs of hepatic fatty infiltration

Hepatic angiomyolipoma

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