CsMYB5a and CsMYB5e from Camellia sinensis differentially regulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis

Jiang, Xiaolan; Huang, Keyi; Zheng, Guangshun; Hou, Hua; Wang, Peiqiang; Jiang, Han; Zhao, Xuecheng; Li, Mingzhuo; Zhang, Shuxiang; Liu, Yajun; Gao, Liping; Жао, Леи; Xia, Tao

doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.02.009

Cited by 51 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…To date, certain MBW component genes that regulate flavonoid biosynthesis have been identified in tea plants. For instance, Sun, et al [57] showed that R2R3-MYB CsAN1 could interact with bHLH TFs (CsGL3 and CsEGL3) and CsTTG1 (a WD-repeat protein) to form an MBW complex to regulate anthocyanin accumulation; Liu, et al [58] found that CsWD40 (homologous to AtTTG1 TF) partners with bHLH (CsGL3 and CsTT8) and MYB (CsAN2 and CsMYB5e) TFs to form WBM complexes to control anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis; finally, the overexpression of certain tea plant MYB genes, such as CsMYB5a, CsMYB5b, CsMYB5e, CsMYB5-1, and CsMYB5-2, could alter anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin accumulation in other plants [59][60][61]. We found that most of the DEGs that were involved in the MYB, NAC, and WRKY classes were significantly upregulated in trichomes since tea trichomes usually exhibit glossy characteristics and might not have the capability to synthesize and store flavonoids and phenylpropanoids, especially anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (Figure 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Provide Insights into the Role of Trichomes in Tea Plant (Camellia Sinensis)

Cao

et al. 2020

Biomolecules

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Trichomes, which develop from epidermal cells, are regarded as one of the key features that are involved in the evaluation of tea quality and tea germplasm resources. The metabolites from trichomes have been well characterized in tea products. However, little is known regarding the metabolites in fresh tea trichomes and the molecular differences in trichomes and tea leaves per se. In this study, we developed a method to collect trichomes from tea plant tender shoots, and their main secondary metabolites, including catechins, caffeine, amino acids, and aroma compounds, were determined. We found that the majority of these compounds were significantly less abundant in trichomes than in tea leaves. RNA-Seq was used to investigate the differences in the molecular regulatory mechanism between trichomes and leaves to gain further insight into the differences in trichomes and tea leaves. In total, 52.96 Gb of clean data were generated, and 6560 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 4471 upregulated and 2089 downregulated genes, were identified in the trichomes vs. leaves comparison. Notably, the structural genes of the major metabolite biosynthesis pathways, transcription factors, and other key DEGs were identified and comparatively analyzed between trichomes and leaves, while trichome-specific genes were also identified. Our results provide new insights into the differences between tea trichomes and leaves at the metabolic and transcriptomic levels, and open up new doors to further recognize and re-evaluate the role of trichomes in tea quality formation and tea plant growth and development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Provide Insights into the Role of Trichomes in Tea Plant (Camellia Sinensis)

Cao

et al. 2020

Biomolecules

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“…In our previous study, CsAN2 markedly increased anthocyanin biosynthesis in CsAN2 -overexpressing tobacco plants [ 39 ]. In CsMYB5e transgenic tobacco plants, the PA pathway was markedly upregulated [ 40 ]. Expression levels of both anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis related genes were upregulated to varying degrees in the petals of CsWD40 and CsMYB5e co-overexpressing transgenic tobacco plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A WD40 Repeat Protein from Camellia sinensis Regulates Anthocyanin and Proanthocyanidin Accumulation through the Formation of MYB–bHLH–WD40 Ternary Complexes

Liu

Hou

Jiang

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Flavan-3-ols and oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PAs) are the main nutritional polyphenols in green tea (Camellia sinensis), which provide numerous benefits to human health. To date, the regulatory mechanism of flavan-3-ol biosynthesis in green tea remains open to study. Herein, we report the characterization of a C. sinensis tryptophan-aspartic acid repeat protein (CsWD40) that interacts with myeloblastosis (MYB) and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) to regulate the biosynthesis of flavan-3-ols. Full length CsWD40 cDNA was cloned from leaves and was deduced to encode 342 amino acids. An in vitro yeast two-hybrid assay demonstrated that CsWD40 interacted with two bHLH TFs (CsGL3 and CsTT8) and two MYB TFs (CsAN2 and CsMYB5e). The overexpression of CsWD40 in Arabidopsis thaliana transparent testa glabra 1 (ttg1) restored normal trichome and seed coat development. Ectopic expression of CsWD40 alone in tobacco resulted in a significant increase in the anthocyanins of transgenic petals. CsWD40 was then coexpressed with CsMYB5e in tobacco plants to increase levels of both anthocyanins and PAs. Furthermore, gene expression analysis revealed that CsWD40 expression in tea plants could be induced by several abiotic stresses. Taken together, these data provide solid evidence that CsWD40 partners with bHLH and MYB TFs to form ternary WBM complexes to regulate anthocyanin, PA biosynthesis, and trichome development.

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“…VvMYB5b was also able to activate the promoters of structural genes involved in the anthocyanin and PA pathways such as VvLAR1, VvANS, VvANR and VvF3′5′H, suggesting a regulatory role in different branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway. Tea CsMYB5a and CsMYB5e and freesia FhMYB5 all demonstrated regulatory roles in the anthocyanin www.nature.com/scientificreports/ and PA biosynthesis pathway 33,34 . Recently, in red-centred kiwifruit A. chinensis 'Hongyang' , a TT2 type R2R3 MYB TF, AcMYB123 and a bHLH TF, AcbHLH42 were identified to be involved in the inner pericarp-specific accumulation of anthocyanins by activating the expression of AcANS and AcF3GT 42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4). Although grouped with the PA regulators from subgroup 5, the C1 motif was not observed in the kiwifruit MYBC1 sequences, whereas some amino acids in the C3 motif and the VIRTKAx[K/R]C motif common in the PA regulators were observed in kiwifruit MYBC1 deduced amino acid sequences 31,34 . Similar to previously identified AcMYB123 (Acc28134.1), kiwifruit MYBC1 clustered with the TT2 clade and belongs to the subgroup 5 of the R2R3 MYB TF family in plants.…”

Section: Identification Of Differentially Expressed Genes (Degs) Invomentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Base means are shown as an indication of expression. www.nature.com/scientificreports/ family involved in proanthocyanin biosynthesis 34 . Deduced amino acid alignments revealed that MYBC1 from A. melanandra, A. purpurea, and MaMe Red shared 98.2% identity and belonged to the R2R3 MYB TF family, as indicated by the highly conserved R2R3 domains ( Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of Differentially Expressed Genes (Degs) Invomentioning

confidence: 99%

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The proanthocyanin-related transcription factors MYBC1 and WRKY44 regulate branch points in the kiwifruit anthocyanin pathway

Peng

Thrimawithana

Cooney

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The groups of plant flavonoid metabolites termed anthocyanins and proanthocyanins (PA) are responsible for pigmentation in seeds, flowers and fruits. Anthocyanins and PAs are produced by a pathway of enzymes which are transcriptionally regulated by transcription factors (TFs) that form the MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex. In this study, transcriptomic analysis of purple-pigmented kiwifruit skin and flesh tissues identified MYBC1, from subgroup 5 of the R2R3 MYB family, and WRKY44 (highly similar to Arabidopsis TTG2) as candidate activators of the anthocyanin pathway. Transient over-expression of MYBC1 and WRKY44 induced anthocyanin accumulation in tobacco leaves. Dual luciferase promoter activation assays revealed that both MYBC1 and WRKY44 were able to strongly activate the promoters of the kiwifruit F3′H and F3′5′H genes. These enzymes are branch points of the pathway which specifies the type of anthocyanin accumulated. Stable over-expression of MYBC1 and WRKY44 in kiwifruit calli activated the expression of F3′5′H and PA-related biosynthetic genes as well as increasing levels of PAs. These results suggest that while previously characterised anthocyanin activator MYBs regulate the overall anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, the PA-related TFs, MYBC1 and WRKY44, more specifically regulate key branch points. This adds a layer of regulatory control that potentially balances anthocyanin and PA levels. Anthocyanins are a group within the flavonoid family of plant secondary metabolites that determine the colour of flowers and plant organs, as well as indicator for ripeness and quality in fruit 1,2. Flavonoids derive from phenylalanine via the general phenylpropanoid pathway which leads to different pathway branches responsible for lignins, stilbenes, condensed tannins (proanthocyanin) and anthocyanins 3. Anthocyanin is produced by the biosynthetic pathway consisting of the commonly termed early biosynthetic enzymes, chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) and the late biosynthetic enzymes dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), and flavonoid-3-glucosyltransferase (F3GT) 2. Within the flavonoid family, proanthocyanins (PAs), also known as condensed tannins, are oligomers of epicatechins and catechins that are usually accumulated in the seed coats of many plants, and are well studied in the model plants Medicago truncatala and Arabidopsis 4,5. The enzyme flavonol synthase (FLS) converts dihydroflavonol from the anthocyanin pathway into flavonols. The downstream enzymes leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) and anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) are responsible for the conversion of anthocyanidin to catechin and epicatechin 6,7. Parts of the anthocyanin and PA pathways overlap, as enzymes in the respective pathways utilise and potentially compete for the same intermediate substrates. The pathway direction is determined at the F3′H and F3′5′H branch points, two enzymes which hydroxylate the ...

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CsMYB5a and CsMYB5e from Camellia sinensis differentially regulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis

Cited by 51 publications

References 46 publications

Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Provide Insights into the Role of Trichomes in Tea Plant (Camellia Sinensis)

Integrative Transcriptomic and Metabolic Analyses Provide Insights into the Role of Trichomes in Tea Plant (Camellia Sinensis)

A WD40 Repeat Protein from Camellia sinensis Regulates Anthocyanin and Proanthocyanidin Accumulation through the Formation of MYB–bHLH–WD40 Ternary Complexes

The proanthocyanin-related transcription factors MYBC1 and WRKY44 regulate branch points in the kiwifruit anthocyanin pathway

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