“…Therefore, the crystallization kinetics of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 amorphous ribbon treated by isothermal annealing at different temperatures between T g and T x may follow the same crystallization mechanism because all Avrami exponents n derived at different temperatures are close to 3. This result shows good agreement with the crystallization studies reported by Schloßmacher et al, 9,15) which used TEM microstructural observation for the specimen isothermally crystallized at a constant temperature of 693 K. On the other hand, the relatively high average value of the Avrami exponent n of 5.5 reported by Louzguine and Inoue 14) is not observed in this study. Such high value implies an increase in the nucleation rate.…”
Section: Avrami Exponent N and Reaction Rate Constant Ksupporting
confidence: 75%
“…Such high value implies an increase in the nucleation rate. However, this crystallization mechanism disagrees with the result of TEM microstructural observations reported by Schloßmacher et al 9,15) According to Ref. 14), a high heating rate of 100 K/ min was used before isothermal annealing.…”
Section: Avrami Exponent N and Reaction Rate Constant Kcontrasting
confidence: 52%
“…They obtained a high value of the Avrami exponent n of 5.5 and proposed that the nucleation rate was increasing during crystallization. Schloßmacher et al 15) reported that the Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 ribbon of 45 mm thick exhibited a decreasing nucleation rate during crystallization according to the observation of transmission electron microscope (TEM). However, on the contrary, they revealed that the isothermal crystallization process measured at 693 K could be adequately described when using the Avrami exponent n of 3.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] However, reports on the crystallization kinetics of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 ribbon have been scarce. 14,15) Louzguine and Inoue 14) studied the crystallization kinetics of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 amorphous ribbon of 20 mm thick using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) equation. They obtained a high value of the Avrami exponent n of 5.5 and proposed that the nucleation rate was increasing during crystallization.…”
The Avrami exponent n of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 amorphous ribbons during isothermal annealing derived from the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation is about 3.0 and shows good agreement with that obtained by Schloßmacher et al. This indicates that the main crystallization mechanism of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 ribbons is interface-controlled three-dimensional isotropic growth with early nucleation-site saturation. According to the Arrhenius relation, the activation energy for crystallization is 314 kJ/mol. This value is similar to that obtained using the Kissinger method, which implies that the crystallization during continuous heating or isothermal annealing follows a similar crystallization mechanism.
“…Therefore, the crystallization kinetics of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 amorphous ribbon treated by isothermal annealing at different temperatures between T g and T x may follow the same crystallization mechanism because all Avrami exponents n derived at different temperatures are close to 3. This result shows good agreement with the crystallization studies reported by Schloßmacher et al, 9,15) which used TEM microstructural observation for the specimen isothermally crystallized at a constant temperature of 693 K. On the other hand, the relatively high average value of the Avrami exponent n of 5.5 reported by Louzguine and Inoue 14) is not observed in this study. Such high value implies an increase in the nucleation rate.…”
Section: Avrami Exponent N and Reaction Rate Constant Ksupporting
confidence: 75%
“…Such high value implies an increase in the nucleation rate. However, this crystallization mechanism disagrees with the result of TEM microstructural observations reported by Schloßmacher et al 9,15) According to Ref. 14), a high heating rate of 100 K/ min was used before isothermal annealing.…”
Section: Avrami Exponent N and Reaction Rate Constant Kcontrasting
confidence: 52%
“…They obtained a high value of the Avrami exponent n of 5.5 and proposed that the nucleation rate was increasing during crystallization. Schloßmacher et al 15) reported that the Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 ribbon of 45 mm thick exhibited a decreasing nucleation rate during crystallization according to the observation of transmission electron microscope (TEM). However, on the contrary, they revealed that the isothermal crystallization process measured at 693 K could be adequately described when using the Avrami exponent n of 3.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] However, reports on the crystallization kinetics of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 ribbon have been scarce. 14,15) Louzguine and Inoue 14) studied the crystallization kinetics of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 amorphous ribbon of 20 mm thick using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (JMA) equation. They obtained a high value of the Avrami exponent n of 5.5 and proposed that the nucleation rate was increasing during crystallization.…”
The Avrami exponent n of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 amorphous ribbons during isothermal annealing derived from the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation is about 3.0 and shows good agreement with that obtained by Schloßmacher et al. This indicates that the main crystallization mechanism of Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 ribbons is interface-controlled three-dimensional isotropic growth with early nucleation-site saturation. According to the Arrhenius relation, the activation energy for crystallization is 314 kJ/mol. This value is similar to that obtained using the Kissinger method, which implies that the crystallization during continuous heating or isothermal annealing follows a similar crystallization mechanism.
“…First works on this new attractive idea have been carried out mainly in Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 . 4,5) In addition to that, further investigations have also been performed on initially (partially) amorphous [6][7][8][9][10] or crystallized [11][12][13] Ti 50 Ni 25 Cu 25 ribbons. On the other hand, most investigations on the crystallization of Zr-Ti-Ni based alloys have been performed away from compositions giving martensitic transformation (see Inoue 14) for a general overview about bulk metallic glasses).…”
A partially amorphous Ni 50 Ti 32 Hf 18 melt spun ribbon has been characterized by means of calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, showing that the amorphous regions are mostly concentrated in the wheel side as a consequence of a higher cooling rate during the fast solidification (i.e. higher solidification rate). Special emphasis has been given to the crystallization process of the amorphous regions, studying the evolution of the microstructure and the martensitic transformation. Although several crystallization procedures have been carried out by thermal treatments, either slightly under or over the crystallization temperature measured by DSC, T C , the final microstructure and calorimetric behavior of the fully crystalline samples does not depend on the applied temperature. The fully crystalline samples contain regions with small crystallites produced during the thermal treatment (showing that the crystal nucleation energy is rather low for this alloy) together with the large crystals originated during the melt-spinning. At room temperature (RT), both types of crystals are in martensitic state. The new crystallized regions with small grain size show notably lower transformation temperatures and higher hysteresis in comparison to the big crystals already existing before the crystallization treatments. However, an additional mechanism, apart from the crystal size, affects the transformation temperatures, likely related to the presence of more defects (mainly grain boundaries) in the crystallites created by thermal treatments. These defects could act as nucleation sites for the martensite and increase the transformation temperatures with respect to the as cast spherical crystallites of similar sizes.
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