Abstract:Two-dimensional (2D) perovskites have gained tremendous research interest in optoelectronic applications thanks to their structural diversity and superior environmental stability. The advancement of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using 2D perovskites...
“…Perovskite-based photodetectors containing chiral LOCs can selectively detect circularly polarized light . Further information about 2D perovskites, their optoelectronic properties, and their applications are featured in recent review papers, namely, Ji et al, Mao et al, and Long et al − …”
Section: Basic Properties Of Sn and Sn–pb Mixed
Hybrid Perovskitesmentioning
In modern society, photodetectors (PDs) have permeated virtually all areas of human life, from home appliances to space exploration. This versatility generates a high demand for photodetectors. It is attributed to their ability to detect signals spanning a broad spectrum of wavelengths while possessing advantageous mechanical properties such as light weight, flexibility, and low cost. Metal halide perovskites (PSKs) have recently emerged as effective photodetectors because their detection range extends from the visible spectrum to the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum through the adjustment of the chemical composition. In addition to having notable successes in photovoltaic applications, perovskites have gained attention in photodetector applications due to their superior optoelectronic properties. Incorporating toxic Pb offsets the desirability of such a high performance as the main component of perovskites. This issue was addressed by replacing Pb with relatively nontoxic Sn to retain the unique optoelectronic properties of perovskites. To promote the continued advancement of perovskites with reduced toxicity, we provide a comprehensive overview of current research on Sn and Sn−Pb mixed perovskites, emphasizing crystal structures, optoelectronic properties, synthesis, and modification methods. We then highlight exemplary applications of Sn and Sn−Pb perovskites through detailed introductions. Simultaneously, current challenges and respective solutions to the development of Sn perovskites are discussed in this Review. This Review concludes with a novel outlook on future research directions for Sn-rich perovskite photodetectors as potential candidates for enhancing light signal detection technologies. We explain how this enhancement enables performance comparable to that of commercially available crystalline Si and III−V photodetectors.
“…Perovskite-based photodetectors containing chiral LOCs can selectively detect circularly polarized light . Further information about 2D perovskites, their optoelectronic properties, and their applications are featured in recent review papers, namely, Ji et al, Mao et al, and Long et al − …”
Section: Basic Properties Of Sn and Sn–pb Mixed
Hybrid Perovskitesmentioning
In modern society, photodetectors (PDs) have permeated virtually all areas of human life, from home appliances to space exploration. This versatility generates a high demand for photodetectors. It is attributed to their ability to detect signals spanning a broad spectrum of wavelengths while possessing advantageous mechanical properties such as light weight, flexibility, and low cost. Metal halide perovskites (PSKs) have recently emerged as effective photodetectors because their detection range extends from the visible spectrum to the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum through the adjustment of the chemical composition. In addition to having notable successes in photovoltaic applications, perovskites have gained attention in photodetector applications due to their superior optoelectronic properties. Incorporating toxic Pb offsets the desirability of such a high performance as the main component of perovskites. This issue was addressed by replacing Pb with relatively nontoxic Sn to retain the unique optoelectronic properties of perovskites. To promote the continued advancement of perovskites with reduced toxicity, we provide a comprehensive overview of current research on Sn and Sn−Pb mixed perovskites, emphasizing crystal structures, optoelectronic properties, synthesis, and modification methods. We then highlight exemplary applications of Sn and Sn−Pb perovskites through detailed introductions. Simultaneously, current challenges and respective solutions to the development of Sn perovskites are discussed in this Review. This Review concludes with a novel outlook on future research directions for Sn-rich perovskite photodetectors as potential candidates for enhancing light signal detection technologies. We explain how this enhancement enables performance comparable to that of commercially available crystalline Si and III−V photodetectors.
“…The adulteration of Xenes improves the tensile strength of the hydrogel. 137 , 138 For instance, Ye et al. introduced GO sheets into the poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels (BIS-gel) and increased the mechanical performance.…”
Section: Properties and Interactions Of Xenes And Hydrogelsmentioning
“…[19,34] However, which interactions take a major effect on perovskite has not been studied thoroughly, because intensive intentions are focused on the molecular modification of NHCtype IL. According to the LAB theory that soft LA Pb 2+ coordinates with the soft LB can form soft LA-soft LB perovskite intermediates, [12,34,35] we suppose LAB interactions between IL additive and perovskite properly have a bigger contribution than HB interactions to PVSCs. In order to reinforce LAB interactions, hydrogen of C 2 position of imidazolium ring is replaced by methyl, and NHC changes into N-heterocyclic olefin (NHO), which has stronger basicity and weaker HB interactions.…”
In optimizing perovskites with ionic liquid (IL), the comparative study on Lewis acid‐base (LAB) and hydrogen‐bonding (HB) interactions between IL and perovskite is lacking. Herein, methyl is substituted for hydrogen on 2‐position of imidazolium ring of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) type IL IdH to weaken HB interactions, and the resulting N‐heterocyclic olefin (NHO) type IL IdMe with softer Lewis base character is studied in both hybrid quasi‐2D (Q‐2D) and 3D perovskites. It is revealed that IdMe participates in constructing high‐quality Q‐2D perovskite (n = 4) and provides stronger passivation for 3D perovskite compared with IdH. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of Q‐2D PEA2MA3Pb4I13 perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is boosted to 17.68% from 14.03%. PCE and device stability of 3D PVSCs enhances simultaneously. Both theoretical simulations and experimental results show that LAB interactions between NHO and Pb2+ take the primary optimization effects on perovskite. The success of engineering LAB interactions also offers inspiration to develop novel ILs for high‐performance PVSCs.
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