Crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene induced by competition action of β nucleating agent and high pressure

Yang, Gang; Li, Xiaoxi; Chen, Jingwei; Yang, Jing‐hui; Huang, Ting; Liu, Xiuru; Wang, Yong

doi:10.1007/s00396-011-2573-y

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Only few articles have considered the respective effects of high pressure and β-nucleating agents [ 44 , 58 ]. Obadal et al [ 44 ] have tested NU 100 ( N , N ′-dicyclohexylnaphthalene-2,6-dicarboxamide) as β-nucleant and concluded that it enhances the formation of the β-phase at lower P and also at high P but at low T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of nucleating agents in high-pressure-induced gamma crystallization in isotactic polypropylene

et al. 2014

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Nucleation of the γ-form in isotactic polypropylene (PP) under high pressure was investigated. Three nucleating agents were used to nucleate crystallization of PP under atmospheric pressure: commercial Hyperform HPN-20E from Milliken Chemical, poly(tetrafluoroethylene) particles nucleating the α-form, and calcium pimelate nucleating the β-form. Crystallization of neat PP and PP with addition of 0.2 wt% of the nucleating agents was studied. Specimens were either kept at 200 °C under pressure of 200 MPa for time ranging from 2 min to 4 h or for 15 min under pressure ranging from 1.3 to 300 MPa. After cooling to ambient temperature and releasing the pressure, the specimens were analyzed by DSC, WAXD, and PLM to have an insight into the structure and to determine a crystallinity level and contents of crystallographic forms. Both α-nucleating agents strongly nucleated crystallization of PP under high pressure in the γ-form, whereas the β-nucleating agent had only a slight effect. The results show the possibility to use nucleating agents to nucleate the γ-form of PP under high pressure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Yang et al [ 58 ] have also used another very efficient commercial β-nucleant: TMB-5, an aryl amide derivative, which has a chemical structure similar to NU 100. Some of their results are similar to ours, i.e., an increase of the γ content and a decrease of the β content with increasing P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of nucleating agents in high-pressure-induced gamma crystallization in isotactic polypropylene

et al. 2014

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“…The crystallographic planes for phase of all the films corresponding to (110), (040), and (130) lattice planes, ascribe to diffraction peaks at 2 around 14.3 , 16.8 , and 18.4 , respectively can be seen in Fig.5 [22][23][24]. The composite films with 1.0 phr CaCO 3 , 1.5 phr CaCO 3 , 1.0 phr modified CaCO 3 , and 1.5 phr modified CaCO 3 presented diffraction peak at 2 around 16.0 refer to the phase (300) [23][24][25]. It has revealed that the addition of modified CaCO 3 was higher phase peak than the addition of CaCO 3 .…”

Section: X-ray Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Surface Modified CaCO3 by Palmitic Acid as Nucleating Agents for Polypropylene Film: Mechanical, Thermal and Physical Properties

et al. 2014

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Composite films of polypropylene (PP) and modified calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) were prepared in a twin screw extruder with particle content varying from 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 phr. The CaCO 3 surface was modified by palmitic acid (PA) at 1, 3, and 5 %wt. The modified CaCO 3 surface was characterized by FTIR and XRD to indicate that the modifier is combined on the CaCO 3 surface. The results showed that optimum of PA attached to that CaCO 3 surface was 5 %wt. The influence of modified CaCO 3 with and without PA of PP film on the mechanical (tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongation at break), barrier (OP), thermal (DMTA, DSC), physical (XRD, SEM and OM) properties were studied. The results observed that incorporation of modified CaCO 3 0.5 phr into PP film showed more dispersion than PP with CaCO 3 . Furthermore, the addition modified CaCO 3 increased tensile strength, Young's modulus, oxygen permeability and melting point from 22.10 MPa, 984.21 MPa, 3.22 10 -17 m.m 3 /s.m 2 .Pa, and 156.16 ºC (neat PP) to 28.38 MPa, 1222.88 MPa, 3.43 10 -17 m.m 3 /s.m 2 .Pa, and 160.37 ºC (PP/0.5 modified CaCO 3 ), respectively. The finding on PP/modified CaCO 3 composite films has potential for microwaveable packaging.

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“…Obadal et al proposed that aryl amide derivative (a kind of β-NA) enhanced the formation of the γ-iPP during isothermal crystallization at a lower pressure or at a high pressure but low temperature [31]. Yang et al reported an increase in γ-iPP and a decrease in β-iPP with increasing pressure in iPP nucleated with aryl amide derivative, and they found γ-iPP could grow on the lateral of the β-NA needlelike structure and attributed it to the dual nucleation effects of β-NA [32]. However, Sowinski et al reported that calcium pimelate, another typical kind of β-NA, only has a slight effect on the crystallization of γ-iPP under a high pressure [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Pressurization Rate and β-Form Nucleating Agent on the Multi-Phase Crystallization of iPP

Jia

Zhuo

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Using a homemade pressure device, we explored the synergistic effect of pressurization rate and β-form nucleating agent (β-NA) on the crystallization of an isotactic polypropylene (iPP) melt. The obtained samples were characterized by combining small angle X-ray scattering and synchrotron wide angle X-ray diffraction. It was found that the synergistic application of pressurization and β-NA enables the preparation of a unique multi-phase crystallization of iPP, including β-, γ- and/or mesomorphic phases. Pressurization rate plays a crucial role on the formation of different crystal phases. As the pressurization rate increases in a narrow range between 0.6–1.9 MPa/s, a significant competitive formation between β- and γ-iPP was detected, and their relative crystallinity are likely to be determined by the growth of the crystal. When the pressurization rate increases further, both β- and γ-iPP contents gradually decrease, and the mesophase begins to emerge once it exceeds 15.0 MPa/s, then mesomorphic, β- and γ- iPP coexist with each other. Moreover, with different β-NA contents, the best pressurization rate for β-iPP growth is the same as 1.9 MPa/s, while more β-NA just promotes the content of β-iPP under the rates lower than 1.9 MPa/s. In addition to inducing the formation of β-iPP, it shows that β-NA can also significantly promote the formation of γ-iPP in a wide pressurization rate range between 3.8 to 75 MPa/s. These results were elucidated by combining classical nucleation theory and the growth theory of different crystalline phases, and a theoretical model of the pressurization-induced crystallization is established, providing insight into understanding the multi-phase structure development of iPP.

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Crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene induced by competition action of β nucleating agent and high pressure

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

The role of nucleating agents in high-pressure-induced gamma crystallization in isotactic polypropylene

The role of nucleating agents in high-pressure-induced gamma crystallization in isotactic polypropylene

Surface Modified CaCO3 by Palmitic Acid as Nucleating Agents for Polypropylene Film: Mechanical, Thermal and Physical Properties

Synergistic Effect of Pressurization Rate and β-Form Nucleating Agent on the Multi-Phase Crystallization of iPP

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