Crystal structure and drawing-induced polymorphism in poly(aryl ether ether ketone). IV

Liu, Tianxi; Wang, Shanger; Mo, Zhishen; Zhang, Hongfang

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19990711)73:2<237::aid-app10>3.0.co;2-l

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the intensity versus angular position (2θ) curve, the virgin PAEK showed the peaks at 2θ values of 18.8°, 20.7°, 22.9°, and at 28.9° corresponding to the planes with miller indices (110), (111), (200), and (211), respectively. It was reported that these diffraction peaks indicated orthorhombic crystal structure . With the incorporation of the various nanofillers in PAEK, no additional peaks were found in the composites in comparison with that of virgin PAEK.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Tungsten carbide, boron carbide, and MWCNT reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) nanocomposites: Morphology and thermomechanical behavior

Remanan

Bhowmik

Varshney³

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This study involves the development and thermo-mechanical characterization of the individual, binary, and ternary nanocomposites using radiation resistant fillers like boron carbide (B 4 C), tungsten carbide (WC), and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (F-MWCNT) in a high performance polymer, namely, poly aryl ether ketone (PAEK). Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed the distribution and dispersion of nanofillers in the matrix. It has been observed that the presence of WC and F-MWCNT in PAEK matrix significantly enhanced the tensile strength of the composite whereas B 4 C made it stiff and brittle in nature. The tensile property improvement caused by WC and F-MWCNT has been correlated with the tensile fracture surface morphology studies. Dynamic mechanical analysis provided insight into the positive effect of nanofillers in delaying the relaxation of polymer chains. The thermogravimetric analysis gave indications on the increase in the thermal stability of the nanocomposites with the increase of nanofillers content.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Tungsten carbide, boron carbide, and MWCNT reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) nanocomposites: Morphology and thermomechanical behavior

Remanan

Bhowmik

Varshney³

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Polymers crystallisation on oriented films is typically explained in terms of lattice matching in one of the crystal directions 35 . Yet in the systems studied here such matching is unlikely in view of the wide range of unit cell parameters [a: 4.96 (PVDF) 36 – 10.7 (PLA) 37 , b: 5.9 (PEEK) 38 – 20.96 (PP) 39 , c: 4.62 (PVDF) 36 – 28.9 (PLA) 37 Å]. Instead, the epitaxy observed in our CNT fibre/polymer composites is likely to be the result of polymer chains in the melt orienting parallel to the CNTs due to the high degree of CNT alignment and their diameter (predominantly 5 nm) being close to the radius of gyration of the polymer chain, forcing the polymer to adsorb parallel to the CNTs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Macroscopic CNT fibres inducing non-epitaxial nucleation and orientation of semicrystalline polymers

Yue

Monreal-Bernal

Fernandéz‐Blázquez

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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In the presence of macroscopic fibres of carbon nanotubes (CNT), various semicrystalline polymers are shown to present accelerated crystallisation through the formation of a transcrystalline (TC) layer perpendicular to the fibre axis. From differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction we establish this to be due to much faster nucleation rates at the fibre surface. The formation of a TC layers is demonstrated for polyvinyldene fluoride, isotactic polypropylene and poly(lactic acid) in spite of the large differences in their chemistry and structure unit cells, suggesting that epitaxy in terms of lattice type or size matching is not a prerequisite. For the three polymers as well as poly(ether ether ketone), the TC layer is identically oriented with the chain axis in the lamella parallel to the CNTs, as observed by wide and small angle X-ray scattering. These results point to polymer chain orientation at the point of adsorption and the formation of a mesomorphic layer as possible steps in the fast nucleation of oriented lamella, with wetting of the CNT fibre surface by the molten semi-crystalline polymer a key condition for heterogeneous nucleation to take place.

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“…However, the relative intensity of the peaks is different at different CNT loading: CNT_5% shows a higher peak intensity at (110), while for CNT_0.5% the two (110) and (200) peaks show equal intensity. It has been reported that strain‐oriented PEEK can exhibit polymorphism, as well as similar polymeric systems (PEKK). The two crystalline forms differ in terms of the orthorhombic unit cell dimensions and one of the phases is thermodynamically less stable and presents lower melting temperature.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt processing and mechanical property characterization of high-performance poly(ether ether ketone)-carbon nanotube composite

et al. 2017

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Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)-multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites were fabricated via injection moulding and subsequently characterized by means of microstructural, morphological, thermal and mechanical investigations. Scanning electron microscopy observations demonstrated a uniform distribution of MWCNTs within the matrix, while tensile testsrevealed an unexpected high strain at rupture (up to 140%), despite the insertion of MWCNTs ensuring an increase of modulus and strength. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that MWCNT addition did not cause any significant increase in crystallinity of PEEK, and therefore it was concluded that the nanotubes acted as a confinement of polymer chains, hindering chain mobility. X-ray diffraction showed the typical PEEK and MWCNT peaks, without evidencing the presence of any different phase. The strain at fracture of samples tested after annealing returned to values comparable with those of neat PEEK.

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Crystal structure and drawing-induced polymorphism in poly(aryl ether ether ketone). IV

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Tungsten carbide, boron carbide, and MWCNT reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) nanocomposites: Morphology and thermomechanical behavior

Tungsten carbide, boron carbide, and MWCNT reinforced poly(aryl ether ketone) nanocomposites: Morphology and thermomechanical behavior

Macroscopic CNT fibres inducing non-epitaxial nucleation and orientation of semicrystalline polymers

Melt processing and mechanical property characterization of high-performance poly(ether ether ketone)-carbon nanotube composite

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