Crystal growth of calcium carbonate in the invertebrates

Watabe, Norimitsu

doi:10.1016/0146-3535(81)90050-2

Cited by 89 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…In the aragonite-related absorption bands, the ∼1786 cm −1 absorption peak was attributed to the double degenerate asymmetric stretching vibration of the CO 3 2− , the ∼1082 cm −1 absorption peak was due to the symmetric stretching vibration of the CO 3 2− , the ∼860 cm −1 absorption peak was assigned to the ex-plane bending vibration of CO 3 2− , and the 700-712 cm −1 absorption peak was attributed to the double degenerate in-plane bending vibration of the CO 3 2− . Generally, the above four vibration peaks were very sharp and determined exactly.…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the above four vibration peaks were very sharp and determined exactly. However, due to the overlay of the FTIR peak of the organic matters, the ∼1473 cm −1 peak attributed to the double degenerate asymmetric stretching vibration of the CO 3 2− was wide and slow and has error in discriminating the aragonite [14,15].…”

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, based on the above reasons, the research of the microstructure of the nacres of pearl has become an international hotspot and frontier subject. Up to now, to explain the formation mechanism of the microstructure of the nacres of pearl, the compartment theory [2], the bridge theory [3,4], and the template theory [5,6] have been established. Although the established modes are effective on the studies of the configuration and formation process of microstructural of the nacres and their application, it is very difficult to explain the formation of the crystal preferred orientation, crystalline polymorphy, and crystalline domains [7] in the nacres of pearl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Microstructure of the Pinctada martensii Pearls and Its Significance

Zhang

Yang

2012

ISRN Spectroscopy

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The results of a microscopy, SEM-EDS, XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectra study of the nacres of the Pinctada martensii pearls from Zhanjiang city, China shows that they can be classified as the high-quality, medium-quality, and inferior-quality pearls. Aragonite, the main inorganic mineralogy in the nacres, was crystallized and grown up in the compartments formed by the silk and radial organic sheets originating from organic matters secreted by the mantle of mollusks. The crystalline orientations of aragonite tablets were changed from the (002), (012) and (102) crystalline plane nets in the early to the (002) crystalline plane net only in the later. The formation processes of the microstructure of the nacres could be divided into three stages. In the early stage, the precursor particles of aragonite nucleated and grew up fast; then, porous aragonite aggregates consisting of the fine aragonite crystals were formed. In the middle stage, the aragonite crystals directionally grew up to form the aragonite tablets and microlayers. The surface of the aragonite tablets and microlayers are rough and few porous, and the edges of the crystals were serrated. In the last stage, the aragonite tablets in the aragonite microlayer mixed perfectly together to form high-quality aragonite layer whose surface was smooth and perfect.

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Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the Microstructure of the Pinctada martensii Pearls and Its Significance

Zhang

Yang

2012

ISRN Spectroscopy

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“…Different habits of the same crystal in the otolith have already been demonstrated (Watabe, 1981;Gauldie, 1993), but remain poorly studied. The habit of the crystal depends on numerous factors such as growth speed, tem- perature, viscosity of the medium and the presence of impurities that could prevent growth in some directions (Li et al, 1991).…”

Section: Crystal Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Otolith crystals (in Carapidae): Growth and habit

Parmentier

Cloots

Warin

et al. 2007

Journal of Structural Biology

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The biomineralization of otoliths results mainly from the release of soluble Ca 2+, which is in turn precipitated as CaCO 3 crystals. In some Carapidae, sagittae sections have been shown to reveal a three-dimensional asymmetry with a nucleus close to the sulcal side, an unusual position. This study seeks to understand otolith formation in Carapus boraborensis. The unusual shape of the otolith is partly explained by the distribution of the epithelium cells, and particularly the sensory epithelium. Experimental evidence shows for the first time that aragonite growth takes place along the c-axis. These aragonite needles present two different habits. On the sulcal side is found the acicular form resulting from rapid growth during a short period of time. On the anti-sulcal side, the prismatic form seen there is due to a slower growth speed over longer periods. The otolith surface was observed each hour during a period of 24 h in fishes reared in similar conditions. This allowed for the first time the direct observation on the otolith surface of the deposition of the two layers (L-zone and D-zone). In C. boraborensis, the organic-rich layer (D-zone) develops during the day, whereas the CaCO 3 layer (L-zone) seems to be deposited during the night.

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“…The structure of the nacreous or pearly layer of mollusc shells has been an active area of research for several decades, resulting in hundreds of research papers [for reviews see (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)]. The principal techniques used have been scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic force microscopy of the nacreous layer in mollusc shells

1994

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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We present atomic force microscopy (afm) observations of the aragonite tablets of mature nacre in two types of mollusc, a bivalve ( A t r i n as p.) and a gastropod ( rufescens). By imaging in liquids it was possible to dissolve away the nacre layer by layer to reveal both the structure of a single tablet and its relation to vertically adjacent tablets. Atrina tablets (inner face) had a concave appearance; the central depression was surrounded by elongate rings that mimicked the orientation and aspect ratio of the unit cell viewed along the c axis. The tablet surfaces had a rough texture, and flat (001) planes of aragonite were rarely observed. Unit cell orientations were generally aligned both vertically and laterally between tablets of Atrina. Etching tablets with HC1 initially removed the elongate rings and produced etch rows parallel to the a axis. Further etching of bleached Atrina nacre lifted off individual tablets to reveal underlying nacreous layers, showing no morphological registry between vertically adjacent tablets. The nacreous structure of Haliotis differed from Atrina in three ways: (i) the tablets were flatter and showed no elongate rings; (ii) the positions of the central depressions approximately repeated between nacreous layers, showing that the (presumed) nucleation sites line up along a given stack; and (iii) the unit cell orientations were not preserved between laterally adjacent tablets but were approximately aligned between vertically adjacent tablets.

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Crystal growth of calcium carbonate in the invertebrates

Cited by 89 publications

References 82 publications

Study on the Microstructure of the Pinctada martensii Pearls and Its Significance

Study on the Microstructure of the Pinctada martensii Pearls and Its Significance

Otolith crystals (in Carapidae): Growth and habit

Atomic force microscopy of the nacreous layer in mollusc shells

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