Cryptosporidiosis: A Disease of Tropical and Remote Areas in Australia

Lal, Aparna; Cornish, Lisa Michelle; Fearnley, Emily; Glass, Kathryn; Kirk, Martyn

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0004078

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Children cryptosporidiosis has been found significantly higher in communities in remote regions compared to those living in major cities in Australia [39,40]. The trend of increased prevalence rate of cryptosporidiosis in children from urban to suburban and rural areas was also observed in Yemen [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cryptosporidium Infection in Children Hospitalized for Diarrhea in Guangzhou, China

Chen¹,

Atwill²,

Zhong³

et al. 2017

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, species and risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection in children hospitalized for diarrhea in Guangzhou region of China. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection in children (2 weeks to 10 years old) who were hospitalized for diarrhea. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected using direct immunfluorescent assay and species were determined by sequencing a fragment (~800 bp) of the 18S rRNA gene. A questionnaire contains host, sociodemographic, family, hygiene, diet, zoonotic, and environmental risk factors was administered to patients to identify key factors associated with infections. The observed Cryptosporidium prevalence was 6.9% and the true prevalence was estimated to be 9.0%. Cryptosporidium infection was similar between male (7.4%) and female (6.1%) children and negatively associated with age (i.e., infection was more likely in younger children). Infections in children were significantly associated with family members' diarrhea within past one month. Infection in children in suburban hospitals (7.8%) was significantly higher than that in urban hospitals (2.1%). The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium in rainy season was significantly higher than that in non-rainy seasons. DNA sequences of the 18S rRNA gene from infected children were 99.12% to 100% identical to sequences in the GenBank of C. parvum isolates from humans and animals. Future works should determine the sources of zoonotic Cryptosporidium and routes of waterborne exposure in the rainy season in this region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cryptosporidium Infection in Children Hospitalized for Diarrhea in Guangzhou, China

Chen¹,

Atwill²,

Zhong³

et al. 2017

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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“…It has been identified as the cause of numerous outbreaks of diarrhoeal disease in humans and animals all over the world (Fayer, 2004;Razavi, Oryan, Bahrami, Mohammadalipour, & Gowhari, 2009). Cryptosporidium is transmitted via the faecal-oral route and easily spreads through water, food and contact with infected animals and contaminated environments (Lal, Cornish, Fearnley, Glass, & Kirk, 2015;Sazmand & Joachim, 2017). Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic problem and its excreted oocysts could be the sources of human infection and great public health concern (Pieniazek et al, 2003).…”

Section: Cryptosporidiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic implications of camel diseases in Iran

Mohammadpour

Champour

Tuteja

et al. 2020

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Approximately 60% of all human pathogens and 75% of emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic (of animal origin). Camel zoonotic diseases can be encountered in all camel‐rearing countries. In this article, all studies carried out on camel zoonotic diseases in Iran are reviewed to show the importance of camels for public health in this country. More than 900 published documents were systematically searched to find relevant studies from 1,890 until late 2018. The collected articles were classified according to the aetiological agents. In this study, 19 important zoonotic diseases were reported among Iranian camels including listeriosis, leptospirosis, plague, Q fever, brucellosis, campylobacteriosis, tuberculosis, pasteurellosis, clostridiosis, salmonellosis, Escherichia coli infections, rabies, camelpox, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Crimean‐Congo haemorrhagic fever, echinococcosis, cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis and dermatophytosis, most of which belong to bacterial, viral, parasitic and fungal pathogens, respectively. Results show that camels are one of the most important sources of infections and diseases in human; therefore, continuous monitoring and inspection programs are necessary to prevent the outbreak of zoonotic diseases caused by this animal in humans.

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“…In rural areas, cases of cryptosporidiosis are related to a high density of cattle [94]. The most important Cryptosporidium spp.…”

Section: Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for cryptosporidiosis: a global, emerging, neglected zoonosis

Bamaiyi

Redhuan

2016

Asian Biomedicine

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Background: Cryptosporidiosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the important parasitic diarrheal agent Cryptosporidium spp. Cryptosporidiosis occurs in all classes of animals and man with a rapidly expanding host range and increased importance since the occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in man. Objectives: To review the global picture of cryptosporidiosis in man and animals with emphasis on prevalence and risk factors. Methods: Current relevant literature on cryptosporidiosis was reviewed. Results: Cryptosporidiosis is widely distributed and the risk factors vary from one region to another with hygiene and immune status as important risk factors. Conclusions: Cryptosporidium spp. associated mortality has not only been reported in immune-compromised patients, but also in immune-competent patients. Yet in many countries not much attention is paid to the control and prevention of this infection in animals and man. The neglect of this disease despite the serious threat it poses to animals, their husbandry, and humans, has led the World Health Organization to list it among globally neglected diseases. To control and prevent this infection more effort needs to be directed at controlling the risk factors of the infection in man and animals.

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Cryptosporidiosis: A Disease of Tropical and Remote Areas in Australia

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cryptosporidium Infection in Children Hospitalized for Diarrhea in Guangzhou, China

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Cryptosporidium Infection in Children Hospitalized for Diarrhea in Guangzhou, China

Zoonotic implications of camel diseases in Iran

Prevalence and risk factors for cryptosporidiosis: a global, emerging, neglected zoonosis

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