Cryoscopic determination of osmotic coefficients for ammonium chloride and bromide

Garnsey, R.; Prue, J. E.

doi:10.1039/tf9666201265

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…7 Craft and Van Hook, 8 Brown and Prue, 9 and Garnsey and Prue. 10 The predicted values were determined from eq 14 where eq 2 with the suggested Huckel parameters of methods I, II, and III (see text) were used for the osmotic coefficients. Symbols in graph A (all data from ref 7): It was also possible to test the new Huckel equations for 0 °C using the electrochemical data.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sets used in the parameter estimation and the sets of Craft and van Hook (NaCl), Brown and Prue (KCl), and Garnsey and Prue (KCl) were first used to test the resulting values. The tests were performed here as in ref .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plot of e T (eq ), the deviation between the observed and predicted freezing-point depressions in NaCl and KCl solutions as a function of molality m . The observed values have been measured by Scatchard and Prentiss, Craft and Van Hook, Brown and Prue, and Garnsey and Prue . The predicted values were determined from eq where eq with the suggested Hückel parameters of methods I, II, and III (see text) were used for the osmotic coefficients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symbols in graph B: ■, ref , NaCl, method III; □, ref , KCl, III; ●, ref , NaCl, I; ○, ref , NaCl, II; ⧫, ref , NaCl, III. Symbols in graph C (all data from KCl sets): ●, ref , method I; ▼, ref , I.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These sets were used in the present parameter estimation. The resulting Hückel parameters determined for 0 °C were tested with the data used in the estimation and with the high-precision freezing point data of Craft and van Hook for NaCl solutions and with those of Brown and Prue and Garnsey and Prue for KCl solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mean Activity Coefficients and Osmotic Coefficients in Dilute Aqueous Sodium or Potassium Chloride Solutions at Temperatures from (0 to 70) °C

Partanen

2015

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Two-parameter Huckel equations have been determined for the activity coefficient of the salt and for the osmotic coefficient of water in aqueous NaCl or KCl solutions at 0 °C from the highly accurate freezing point data of Scatchard and Prentiss (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1933, 55, 4355−4362), and points were taken in the estimation up to a molality of 0.5 mol•kg −1 . This molality is the upper limit for the use of the data from this method without any corrections to determine thermodynamic activity values for a constant temperature of 0 °C. The electrolyte parameters of the Huckel equation are B and b 1 , and the value obtained for parameter B in the case of both salts is closely the same as that determined in a previous NaCl and KCl study (Partanen, J. I.; Covington, A. K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 2009, 54, 208−219) from the isopiestic and cell potential difference (cpd) data at 25 °C. The resulting parameters were tested with the other precise freezing point data existing in the literature for these salts and with the cpd data existing for 0 °C. The tests using the latter data reveal that the new parameters apply up to a molality of 1.0 mol•kg −1 . Using the parameter values obtained here for b 1 at 0 °C and in the previous study at 25 °C (see the citation above), a linear dependence of the temperature was determined for this parameter for solutions of both salts. The resulting parameters for B and b 1 were tested with the cpd and isopiestic data existing for NaCl and KCl solutions at the temperatures other than 0 and 25 °C, and they were observed to be reliable up to a molality of 1.0 mol•kg −1 in this temperature range. Above 25 °C, however, these simple temperature dependences for b 1 are probably not sufficient. For a wider range, a quadratic temperature dependence of this parameter was determined for both salt solutions, and these models apply quite well up to 70 °C in these dilute solutions. These b 1 models were mainly determined from the concentration cell data of Harned and Nims (

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Mean Activity Coefficients and Osmotic Coefficients in Dilute Aqueous Sodium or Potassium Chloride Solutions at Temperatures from (0 to 70) °C

Partanen

2015

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Thermodynamic Properties of Concentrated Solutions of Strong Electrolytes I. Activity Coefficients of Water From Freezing‐Point Depressions for Alkali Chlorides

Momicchioli¹,

Devoto²,

Grandi³

et al. 1970

Ber Bunsenges Phys Chem

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A systematic study of thermodynamic properties of concentrated solutions of strong electrolytes is undertaken. Accurate freezing‐point depressions for all the alkali chlorides up to very high concentrations (> 3m) are measured and the corresponding rational activity coefficients of the water determined. “Best” values are recalculated for the parameters of the Debye‐Hückel theory (short‐range interactions being accounted for according to the “effective dielectric constant” model and the effects of “higher terms” being included).Curve‐fitting procedures are carried out for various concentration intervals so as to test the theory with increasing concentration. The ion size parameter a is found to be almost independent of the concentration interval for all of the salts considered, but for lithium chloride. Standard deviations change from ± 1.10−3 °C to ± 1.10−2 °C in passing from the smallest to the largest concentration interval, whereas they are nearly the same for all of the alkali chlorides at any one concentration interval.

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Osmotic and activity coefficients of monomethyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethylammonium chlorides at 25�C

Macaskill

Bates

1986

J Solution Chem

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Cryoscopic determination of osmotic coefficients for ammonium chloride and bromide

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Mean Activity Coefficients and Osmotic Coefficients in Dilute Aqueous Sodium or Potassium Chloride Solutions at Temperatures from (0 to 70) °C

Mean Activity Coefficients and Osmotic Coefficients in Dilute Aqueous Sodium or Potassium Chloride Solutions at Temperatures from (0 to 70) °C

Thermodynamic Properties of Concentrated Solutions of Strong Electrolytes I. Activity Coefficients of Water From Freezing‐Point Depressions for Alkali Chlorides

Osmotic and activity coefficients of monomethyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethylammonium chlorides at 25�C

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