Cryopreservation of Pollen of Carob Tree

Custódio, Luísa; Romano, Anabela; Fernandes, Neila Cristina Lima; Carneiro, Maria Filomena

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2006.725.119

Cited by 1 publication

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“…In the second case, although the entire genetic structure of the population is not preserved, the conserved genetic material is invaluable for genetic improvement activities, primarily those that use biotechnological procedures, as in the case of genetic engineering (Mattick et al, 1992). This methodology is important for the maintenance of pollen viability and fertility for a long period of time and for the improvement and conservation of the genetic resources of plants (Towill, 1985;Carvalho, 2006, Panella, 2009Chaudhury et al, 2010;Li et al, 2011;Custódio et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Importance Of Cryopreservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orchid cryopreservation

et al. 2014

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Orchids are lush and highly valuable plants due to their diversity and the beauty of their flowers, which increases their commercialization. The family Orchidaceae comprises approximately 35,000 species, distributed among more than 1,000 distinct genera and 100,000 hybrids, totaling approximately 8% to 10% of all flowering plants. With the advance of agriculture and the constant destruction of their natural habitat, orchid species are collected in an indiscriminate manner by collectors and vendors, and this extractive activity threatens many species with extinction, drastically reducing their genetic variability in nature. Therefore, it is essential to seek alternatives that make the preservation of such species feasible using techniques with low maintenance costs that provide greater storage time and that enable good phytosanitary conditions for the plant material for commercial use. Cryopreservation involves the conservation of biological materials at ultra-low temperatures, generally in liquid nitrogen at -196 ºC or in its vapor phase at -150 ºC. This is the only technique currently available for the long-term preservation of the germplasm of plant species that are vegetatively propagated or that have unviable, recalcitrant or intermediate seeds. The objective of this bibliographic review is to report on the importance, methods and application of cryopreservation for orchids. According to the studies reviewed, this is an incipient, developing and relevant field that generates a lot of discussion and requires further research relative to the type of treatment to use for cryopreservation and the methodology to be applied according to the species. The types of methods that are used for cryopreservation and the large variation in the responses of orchids to the cryopreservation methods observed in this study emphasize the need for the development of more appropriate protocols for the preservation of orchids.Index terms: Preservation, Orchidaceae, ex situ conservation, freezing tolerance, extinction. RESUMOAs orquídeas são plantas exuberantes e apresentam alto valor agregado devido à diversidade e à beleza de suas flores, o que incrementa a sua comercialização. A família Orchidaceae compreende cerca de 35.000 espécies, distribuídas em mais de 1000 gêneros distintos e 100.000 híbridos, totalizando cerca de 8% a 10% de todas as plantas com flores. Com o avanço da agricultura e a constante degradação do seu habitat natural, as espécies de orquídeas são coletadas de maneira indiscriminada por colecionadores e comerciantes. Este extrativismo ameaça muitas espécies de extinção reduzindo drasticamente a sua variabilidade genética na natureza. Portanto, torna-se fundamental a busca de alternativas que viabilizem a preservação destas espécies, com a utilização de técnicas que apresentem baixo custo de manutenção, que proporcionem maior tempo de armazenamento, e que possibilite ao material vegetal boas condições fitossanitárias para utilização comercial. A criopreservação compreende a conservação de material biológi...

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