Cryogenic treatments on AISI 420 stainless steel: Microstructure and mechanical properties

Prieto, Germán; Ipiña, Juan E. Perez; Tuckart, Walter Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2014.03.059

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…In addition, cryogenic treatments also increase residual stresses in the martensitic matrix, as we were able to measure in our previous work using X-ray diffractometry [10]. These residual stresses can be associated to a higher dislocation density, which in turn has been identified by Kehoe and Kelly [40] as the main factor affecting the strength of martensite materials with equal amounts of carbon.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The austenization, quenching and annealing of the specimens was performed in argon atmosphere in order to prevent decarburation. The selection of the heat-treatment parameters was based in the results of our previous work [10]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main effect observed in AISI 420 after cryogenic processing is a strong reduction in carbide size and a more even dispersion of them in the martensitic matrix [10]. This carbide refinement improved the macroscale wear resistance of the material by 35% under lubricated and by 90% under dry sliding conditions compared to the conventionally treated specimens [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Nanotribological behavior of deep cryogenically treated martensitic stainless steel

Prieto¹,

Bakoglidis²,

Tuckart³

et al. 2017

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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Cryogenic treatments are increasingly used to improve the wear resistance of various steel alloys by means of transformation of retained austenite, deformation of virgin martensite and carbide refinement. In this work the nanotribological behavior and mechanical properties at the nano-scale of cryogenically and conventionally treated AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel were evaluated. Conventionally treated specimens were subjected to quenching and annealing, while the deep cryogenically treated samples were quenched, soaked in liquid nitrogen for 2 h and annealed. The elastic–plastic parameters of the materials were assessed by nanoindentation tests under displacement control, while the friction behavior and wear rate were evaluated by a nanoscratch testing methodology that it is used for the first time in steels. It was found that cryogenic treatments increased both hardness and elastic limit of a low-carbon martensitic stainless steel, while its tribological performance was enhanced marginally.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nanotribological behavior of deep cryogenically treated martensitic stainless steel

Prieto¹,

Bakoglidis²,

Tuckart³

et al. 2017

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.

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“…In our previous work 16 , we identified these particles as globular secondary carbides of type M 7 C 3 by means of an EDS analysis. The hardness, the mean distance between the carbides and the carbide volume fraction are presented in Table 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that this mechanism requires the presence of significant amounts of retained austenite after the quenching and before the cryogenic cooling, which is not expected to be the case for AISI 420 due to its chemical composition and excellent hardenability. 14,15 In our prior work 16 , we tested several processing routes, and the one which yielded the best combination of properties was selected to continue studying the effect of cryogenic treatments on tribological properties and fracture toughness in the context of a PhD thesis. 17 Regarding the wear behavior, we reported, in a preliminary article 10 , that cryogenic treatments increase the wear resistance of AISI 420 by 35-90 % in comparison to conventionally treated specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of a cryogenic treatment on the fracture toughness of an AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel

Prieto¹,

Tuckart²,

Ipiña³

2017

Mater. Tehnol.

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Cryogenic treatments have been employed over the past three decades for both tool and high-alloy steels to improve their wear resistance, mainly through the transformation of retained austenite and the precipitation of fine carbides. However, as the enhancement of one material property is often at the expense of another, it is interesting to evaluate the effect of this type of treatments on the fracture toughness. The objective of the present work was to determine the plane-strain fracture toughness of a cryogenically treated low-carbon AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel by means of standardized fracture tests, performed in accordance with the ASTM E399 and ASTM E1820 standards. In this study, it was experimentally demonstrated that cryogenically treated specimens showed a simultaneous increase in the KIC and hardness of 30 % and 5 %, respectively, compared to conventionally treated specimens. Keywords: cryogenic treatment, carbide refinement, plane-strain fracture toughness, low-carbon martensitic stainless steel Obdelava s podhlajevanjem v zadnjih treh desetletjih, tako za orodja kot za visokolegirana jekla, pomeni izbolj{anje njihove odpornosti proti obrabi, predvsem zaradi preoblikovanja zadr`anega avstenita in zgo{~evanja finih delcev. Kakorkoli`e, izbolj{anje enega materiala je pogosto, vendar na ra~un drugega, zato je zanimivo oceniti u~inek takega tipa obdelave na lomnò ilavost. Predmet pri~ujo~ega dela je bila dolo~itev lomne`ilavosti kriogensko obdelanega nizkoogljikovega martenzitnega nerjave~ega jekla AISI 420, s pomo~jo standardiziranih testov zlomov, izvedenih v skladu s standardoma ASTM E399 in ASTM E1820. V {tudiji je bilo s poizkusi dokazano, da so kriogensko obdelani vzorci pokazali hkratno pove~anje KCI in trdote za 30 % in 5 %, v primerjavi s konvencionalno obdelanimi vzorci. Klju~ne besede: obdelava s podhlajevanjem, pre~i{~enje delcev, lomna`ilavost, nizkoogljo~no martenzitno nerjave~e jeklo

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Enhancement of the mechanical properties of EN52CrMoV4 spring steel by deep cryogenic treatment

Özden

Anık

2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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The effect of the deep cryogenic treatment on the micro-structure and mechanical properties (tensile strength, toughness, residual stress and fatigue strength) of the medium carbon spring steel, which is subjected to different heat treatment steps, is investigated. Deep cryogenic treatment causes spring steel to keep compressive residual stress more efficiently due to an increase in the density of the crystalline defects, retardation in the stress relief after the phase transformations and nano-cluster carbide formations. If deep cryogenic treatment is applied before the tempering then the homogeneously distributed fine carbides form after the tempering and the grains remain relatively fine. The microstructure with homogeneously distributed fine carbides and fine grains cause spring steels to have simultaneously enhanced tensile strength, ductility and fatigue strength. If deep cryogenic treatment is applied after the conventional heat treatment (quenching + tempering), however, the coarse carbides form in the micro-structure and the improvement in the mechanical properties of the spring steel is limited.

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Cryogenic treatments on AISI 420 stainless steel: Microstructure and mechanical properties

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

Nanotribological behavior of deep cryogenically treated martensitic stainless steel

Nanotribological behavior of deep cryogenically treated martensitic stainless steel

Influence of a cryogenic treatment on the fracture toughness of an AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel

Enhancement of the mechanical properties of EN52CrMoV4 spring steel by deep cryogenic treatment

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