Cryogenic systems for inertial fusion energy

Abstract

The Low Temperatures Laboratory of CEA/Grenoble (France) is involved in the development of cryogenic systems for inertial fusion since a ten of years. A conceptual design for the cryogenic infrastructure of the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) facility has been proposed. Several prototypes have been designed, built and tested like for example the 1500 bars cryo compressor for the targets filling, the target positioner and the thermal shroud remover.The HIPER project will necessitate the development of such equipments. The main difference is that this time, the cryogenic targets are direct drive targets. The first phase of HIPER experiments is a single shot period. Based on the experience gained the last years, not only by our laboratory but also by Omega and G.A teams, we could design the new HIPER equipments for this phase.Some experimental results obtained with the prototypes of the LMJ cryogenic system are given and a first conceptual design for the HIPER single shot cryogenic system is shown.

Cryogenic Hydrogen Fuel for Controlled Inertial Confinement Fusion (Cylindrical Targets for the Laplas Experiments)

“…Отметим, что гексапод фирмы Ste Symetrie успешно испытан в системе доставки и позициониро-вания криогенных сферических мишеней в камере мощной лазер-ной установки LMJ [50]. Эти испы-тания показали реальную возмож-ность применения гексапода для позиционирования с высокой точностью (линейная 5 мкм, угловая 50 мкрад) криогенной мишени, находящейся при температуре 18,2 К в центре экспериментальной ва-куумной камеры диаметром 10 м. При этом обеспечивалось максимальное линейное X-Y-Z-перемещение мишени в центре камеры в пределах 50 мм.…”

Study on Au + U + Au sandwich Hohlraum wall for ignition targets

“…Further progress in inertial fusion and high energy density physics in general will greatly depend on the development of efficient targets. Therefore, worldwide experimental and theoretical efforts on target design and simulation are in progress (Aleksandrova et al, 2008;Borisenko et al, 2008;Bret & Deutsch, 2006;Chatain et al, 2008;Deutsch et al, 2008;Eliezer et al, 2007;Foldes & Szatmari, 2008;Hoffmann, 2008;Holmlid et al, 2009;Hora, 2007;Imasaki & Li, 2007;Koresheva et al, 2009;Ramis et al, 2008;Rodriguez et al, 2008;Strangio et al, 2009;Winterberg, 2008;Yang et al, 2008). In order to increase the hohlraum coupling efficiency of a capsule, which is the ratio of absorbed energy to input laser energy, for indirectly driven inertial confinement fusion (ICF), target designers have changed the hohlraum design from pure gold, to one consisting of a mixture of high Z materials ("cocktail") (Dewald et al, 2008;Jones et al, 2007;Orzechowski et al, 1996).…”

An initial design of hohlraum driven by a shaped laser pulse

“…Since the hohlraum target plays a key role in the study of indirect drive inertial fusion study, the experimental and theoretical target design, and simulation continuously attract extensive interests and efforts worldwide (Aleksandrova et al, 2008;Atzeni & Meyer-Ter-vehn, 2004;Borisenko et al, 2008;Bret & Deutsch, 2006;Chatain et al, 2008;Deutsch et al, 2008;Eliezer et al, 2007;Foldes & Szatmari, 2008;Hoffmann, 2008;Holmlid et al, 2009;Hora, 2007;Imasaki & Li, 2007;Koresheva et al, 2009;Li et al, 2010;Ramis et al, 2008;Rodriguez et al, 2008;Strangio et al, 2009;Winterberg, 2008;Yang et al, 2008). The optimal size of a hohlraum is a trade-off between the requirements for energy and power, and the need for symmetry and acceptable plasma filling.…”