Cryogenic<i>Q</i>-factor measurement of optical substrates for optimization of gravitational wave detectors

Nietzsche, Sándor; Nawrodt, R.; Zimmer, A.; Schnabel, R.; Vodel, W.; Seidel, P.

doi:10.1088/0953-2048/19/5/s27

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…Also, aging-related frequency drifts commonly encountered in conventional glass materials are completely absent in crystalline materials, as demonstrated by cryogenic sapphire optical resonators operated at a temperature of 4.2 K [21,22]. An all-silicon interferometer can be made insensitive to temperature fluctuations as the coefficient of thermal expansion of silicon has a zero crossing near 124 K. In this temperature range the Q of silicon is orders of magnitude higher than in the conventional cavity glass materials such as Ultralow Expansion glass (ULE) or fused silica [23]. A similar approach has been used with relatively low-finesse optical Fabry-Perot interferometers [24] and has recently been proposed for gravitational wave detection [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sub-40-mHz-linewidth laser based on a silicon single-crystal optical cavity

et al. 2012

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State-of-the-art optical oscillators based on lasers frequency stabilized to high finesse optical cavities are limited by thermal noise that causes fluctuations of the cavity length. Thermal noise represents a fundamental limit to the stability of an optical interferometer and plays a key role in modern optical metrology. We demonstrate a novel design to reduce the thermal noise limit for optical cavities by an order of magnitude and present an experimental realization of this new cavity system, demonstrating the most stable oscillator of any kind to date. The cavity spacer and the mirror substrates are both constructed from single crystal silicon and operated at 124 K where the silicon thermal expansion coefficient is zero and the silicon mechanical loss is small. The cavity is supported in a vibration-insensitive configuration, which, together with the superior stiffness of silicon crystal, reduces the vibration related noise. With rigorous analysis of heterodyne beat signals among three independent stable lasers, the silicon system demonstrates a fractional frequency stability of 1 × 10 −16 at short time scales and supports a laser linewidth of <40 mHz at 1.5 µm, representing an optical quality factor of 4 × 10 15 .

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sub-40-mHz-linewidth laser based on a silicon single-crystal optical cavity

et al. 2012

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“…The structure is fed by a high (up to 1600 V) AC voltage with the resonant frequency [24]. The substrate vibration is recorded by a Michelson-like interferometer [25].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

High mechanical Q-factor measurements on calcium fluoride at cryogenic temperatures

Nawrodt

Zimmer

Koettig

et al. 2007

Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys.

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Abstract. Mechanical Q-factor measurements of single crystalline calcium fluoride CaF 2 bulk material are presented. Resonant modes between 27 and 100 kHz were investigated on a cylindrical test sample (∅ 75 mm × 75 mm). For selected modes low temperature measurements of the mechanical Q-factor were done within a temperature range from 5 to 300 K. For the Q-measurements a ring-down technique was used. The substrate was suspended as a pendulum by means of a tungsten wire loop. The highest Q-factor has been achieved around 60 K with 3 × 10 8 which is the highest Q-factor reported on CaF 2 up to now. PACS

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“…Finally, the application of SQUID in gravitational wave detectors [42] has had a renaissance in many groups, e.g. [45][46][47], for resonant as well as for interferometric detectors.…”

Section: Squid Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ISEC 2005—Conference summary and comments on SQUIDs and coolers

Seidel¹

2006

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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On the basis of the 'wrap-up' talk given at the ISEC 2005 meeting, recent progress in SQUIDs and cryocoolers will be summarized in a subjective and selective way. It will be shown that there is a return of some earlier SQUID applications with a higher level of system quality. The essential progress in cooler technology and reliability will result in a new standard of cooler integration and cryopackaging. As a consequence of insufficient funding and the lack of a superconducting electronics industry, applications will be limited to niches where non-superconducting alternatives fail. Further efforts in research and development will be required but they will be based on system-oriented concepts.

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CryogenicQ-factor measurement of optical substrates for optimization of gravitational wave detectors

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

A sub-40-mHz-linewidth laser based on a silicon single-crystal optical cavity

A sub-40-mHz-linewidth laser based on a silicon single-crystal optical cavity

High mechanical Q-factor measurements on calcium fluoride at cryogenic temperatures

ISEC 2005—Conference summary and comments on SQUIDs and coolers

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