Crushed Rocks and Dimension Stone: Exploration, Evaluation and Exploitation in parts of Igarra Area, Southwestern Nigeria

Egesi, N.; Nwosu, J.I.

doi:10.18483/ijsci.1398

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years, the quarrying industry has experienced increasing demands for nondestructive sensing techniques to optimize stone production, from on-site extraction operation, to quality control of the extracted blocks [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Fractures present in building stones (either in situ large fractures or small defects of the produced stones) have always concerned the quarry people as well as engineers engaged in the restoration and conservation of stone monuments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Lapse GPR Measurements to Monitor Resin Injection in Fractures of Marble Blocks

Zanzi,

Izadi-Yazdanabadi,

Karimi-Nasab

et al. 2023

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of time-lapse GPR measurements for the quality control of repairing operations (i.e., injections) on marble blocks. For the experimental activities, we used one of the preferred repairing fillers (epoxy resin) and some blocks from one of the world’s most famous marble production area (Carrara quarries in Italy). The selected blocks were paired in a laboratory by overlapping one over the other after inserting very thin spacers in order to simulate air-filled fractures. Fractures were investigated with a 3 GHz ground-penetrating radar (GPR) before and after the resin injections to measure the amplitude reduction expected when the resin substitutes the air. The results were compared with theoretical predictions based on the reflection coefficient predicted according to the thin bed theory. A field test was also performed on a naturally fractured marble block selected along the Carrara shore. Both laboratory and field tests validate the GPR as an effective tool for the quality control of resin injections, provided that measurements include proper calibration tests to control the amplitude instabilities and drift effects of the GPR equipment. The method is accurate enough to distinguish the unfilled fractures from the partially filled fractures and from the totally filled fractures. An automatic algorithm was developed and successfully tested for the rapid quantitative analysis of the time-lapse GPR profiles collected before and after the injections. The whole procedure is mature enough to be proposed to the marble industry to improve the effectiveness of repair interventions and to reduce the waste of natural stone reserves.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Lapse GPR Measurements to Monitor Resin Injection in Fractures of Marble Blocks

Zanzi,

Izadi-Yazdanabadi,

Karimi-Nasab

et al. 2023

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dimension stone must meet the requirements of durability, strength, porosity, and attractiveness, in addition to being easy to quarry and accessible. These properties are determined by the composition, texture, weathering grade, and tectonically produced rock fabric [4][5][6][7][8]. The petrographic characteristics of a rock specimen must be precisely investigated to determine its overall performance for usage as a building stone in a specific environmental condition of a region [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrographic and Geotechnical Features of Dir Volcanics as Dimension Stone, Upper Dir, North Pakistan

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The utilization of dimension stone in construction has been prevalent since ancient times; however, its application in modern construction has gained significant attention over the last few decades. This research aimed to assess the physical and strength properties of volcanic rocks from the Kohistan Island Arc for their potential use as dimension stone. Five types of andesites (MMA, PMA-1, PMA-2, CMA, and FMA) and two types of agglomerates (AG-1 and AG-2) were identified based on their composition, color, and texture. The samples were characterized in terms of their petrography (compositional and textural), physical properties (specific gravity, water absorption, and porosity), and strength properties (unconfined compressive strength and unconfined tensile strength). Two non-destructive tests (ultrasonic pulse velocity test and Schmidt hammer) were conducted, and the degree of polishing was evaluated. Correlation analyses were carried out to establish possible relationships among these parameters. The presence of chlorite, epidote, sericite, and recrystallized quartz indicated signs of low-grade metamorphism in andesites. The study revealed that feldspar, amphibole, and quartz imparted good physical and strength properties to samples MMA, CMA, FMA, AG1, and AG2. On the other hand, PMA-1 and PMA-2 exhibited reduced physical and strength properties due to the abundance of alteration products like chlorite, sericite, and epidote. The unconfined compressive strength exhibited a strong correlation with ultrasonic pulse velocity, skeletal density, porosity, and water absorption. Weathering grade considerably affected the values of ultrasonic pulse velocity and Schmidt hammer. Consequently, samples PMA-1 and PMA-2 are not recommended for load-bearing masonry units and outdoor applications due to their high water absorption and low strength values. On the other hand, samples FMA and MMA exhibited excellent properties like high strength and good polishing, indicating their potential use as decorative and facing stones, external pavement, ashlar, rubbles, and load-bearing masonry units.

show abstract

“…The archaeological heritage is a non-renewable resource, therefore; the presence of known archaeological sites must be an essential consideration during the pollution and may also affect the people residing in the nearby localities (Pal & Mandal, 2017). Thus, the need for proper site selection, quarry planning, and management is essential not only for successful quarry operations but also it is equally important for quality control and sustainable environmental management (Egesi & Nwosu, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Gis-Ahp Based Approach for Optimization of Quarry Site Location Around Harer and Dire-Dawa Towns, Eastern Ethiopia

Gudissa

Raghuvanshi

Meten

et al. 2022

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The problem of environmental degradation and pollution resulting from quarry operations is becoming a critical problem. Therefore, the selection of optimal quarry sites is a prerequisite for safe operation and economic viability. The present study was carried out around Harer and Dire-Dawa towns to identify the optimal location of quarry sites by using an integrated AHP and GIS approaches. The selection was carried out by considering environmental and socio-economic factors. For each of the factors, appropriate classifications and criteria were formulated. Finally, a weighted overlay analysis was applied to produce the preliminary quarry site suitability map. About 136 km2 of the area is highly suitable, 1,587 km2 is moderately suitable, and 2,166 km2 has low suitability for quarry site. The approach followed by the study helped to narrow the area to the suitable sites that may further be studied through detailed field investigation. Hence, it can be adopted elsewhere as a guide for economical quarry site selection.

show abstract

Crushed Rocks and Dimension Stone: Exploration, Evaluation and Exploitation in parts of Igarra Area, Southwestern Nigeria

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Time-Lapse GPR Measurements to Monitor Resin Injection in Fractures of Marble Blocks

Time-Lapse GPR Measurements to Monitor Resin Injection in Fractures of Marble Blocks

Petrographic and Geotechnical Features of Dir Volcanics as Dimension Stone, Upper Dir, North Pakistan

A Gis-Ahp Based Approach for Optimization of Quarry Site Location Around Harer and Dire-Dawa Towns, Eastern Ethiopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About