Crude extract of cyanobacteria ( Radiocystis fernandoi , strain R28) induces liver impairments in fish

Paulino, Marcelo Gustavo; Tavares, Driele; Bieczynski, Flavia; Pedrão, Priscila Grecca; Souza, Nyccolas Emanuel de; Sakuragui, Marise Margareth; Luquet, Carlos Marcelo; Terezan, Ana Paula; Fernandes, João B.; Giani, Alessandra; Fernandes, Marisa N.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.012

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The crude extract of R. fernandoi strain 28 containing MC‐YR, MC‐RR, and other oligopeptides is toxic for H. malabaricus . This supports the findings of previous studies (Paulino et al 2017a, 2017b). Acute and subchronic crude extract exposure generates changes in the hepatocytes and whole structural parenchyma of liver.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The high frequency of melanomacrophage centers in the liver of H. malabaricus may be related to an immune and a nonimmune response as observed in the rice fish Oryzias latipes exposed to MC‐LR (Djediat et al 2010). However, the large amount of connective tissue and fibrosis in the liver mass, already reported by Paulino et al (2017b) and confirmed in the present study, indicate a general reduction of hepatocytes, which may reduce the recovery of liver function after subchronic exposure. The calculated I org revealed that, although lesions differed after acute and subchronic exposure, the total liver alterations remained similar, suggesting liver dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Cyanobacteria crude extract was obtained from lyophilized cells (2426.0 mg dry wt) after homogenization in 80% methanol high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)‐grade (Panreac) in Milli‐Q water (18 M W cm −1 ; Millipore). Quantitative MC‐RR and MC‐YR was determined using reverse‐phase HPLC (HPLC‐UV, Agilent 1200 Series; Agilent Technologies) according to modifications by Paulino et al (2017b). The limits of detection were 2 ng g −1 for MC‐RR and 5 ng g −1 for MC‐YR, and the limits of quantification were 20 ng g −1 for MC‐RR and 50 ng g −1 for MC‐YR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In previous studies we demonstrated that the crude extract of cyanobacterium R. fernandoi strain R28 resulted in MC‐YR and MC‐RR accumulation in the liver of the neotropical fish Hoplias malabaricus (Paulino et al 2017b). These microcystins inhibited endogenous phosphatase protein type 2A enzyme activity and caused numerous ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes including disorganization of endoplasm reticulum, mitochondrial swelling, and electron‐dense bodies around the nucleus (Paulino et al 2017b). Furthermore, crude extract alters the activity of key liver enzymes (acid phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase) and direct and total bilirubin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Fish may be exposed to prolonged cyanobacterial blooms in the tropics and can acquire cyanobacterial toxins by multiple routes such as directly ingesting algal cells or contaminated prey and direct absorption of toxins through the gills and skin. In previous studies we demonstrated that the crude extract of cyanobacterium R. fernandoi strain R28 resulted in MC‐YR and MC‐RR accumulation in the liver of the neotropical fish Hoplias malabaricus (Paulino et al 2017b). These microcystins inhibited endogenous phosphatase protein type 2A enzyme activity and caused numerous ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes including disorganization of endoplasm reticulum, mitochondrial swelling, and electron‐dense bodies around the nucleus (Paulino et al 2017b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Biotransformations, Antioxidant System Responses, and Histopathological Indexes in the Liver of Fish Exposed to Cyanobacterial Extract

Paulino

Tavares

Terezan

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Radiocystis fernandoi, a microcystin (MC) producer, has been common in cyanobacterial blooms in tropical regions. Microcystin is a hepatotoxin that causes tissue damage and even death in animals, including humans; its detoxification process may involve biotransformation and activation of the antioxidant defense system. We evaluated the detoxification pathway, examined the antioxidant defense system responses, and determined the alterations and the organ histopathological indexes in the liver of the tropical fish Hoplias malabaricus after acute and subchronic intraperitoneal exposure to microcystin. The crude microcystin extract of R. fernandoi had predominantly MC‐RR and MC‐YR. The detoxification process was activated by increasing ethoxyresorufin‐O‐deethylase activity, whereas glutathione S‐transferase was inhibited. The activity of the antioxidant defense enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase decreased after acute exposure; the SOD–catalase system and the glutathione level increased after subchronic exposure. The carbonyl protein level, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and DNA damage were unchanged after acute exposure, whereas protein carbonyl was unchanged, LPO decreased, and DNA damage increased after subchronic exposure. Histopathological alteration indexes differed between acute and subchronic exposure, but the histopathological organ indexes indicate liver dysfunction in both exposure periods. We conclude that MC‐RR and MC‐YR induce different liver responses depending on the time of exposure, and the antioxidant defense responses after subchronic exposure may help to partially restore the liver function. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1041–1051. © 2020 SETAC

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Biotransformations, Antioxidant System Responses, and Histopathological Indexes in the Liver of Fish Exposed to Cyanobacterial Extract

Paulino

Tavares

Terezan

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Liver dysfunction and energy storage mobilization in traíra, Hoplias malabaricus (Teleostei, Erythrinidae) induced by subchronic exposure to toxic cyanobacterial crude extract

Paulino

Rossi

Tavares

et al. 2022

Environmental Toxicology

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Microcystins (MC) are hepatotoxic for organisms. Liver MC accumulation and structural change are intensely studied, but the functional hepatic enzymes and energy metabolism have received little attention. This study investigated the liver and hepatocyte structures and the activity of key hepatic functional enzymes with emphasis on energetic metabolism changes after subchronic fish exposure to cyanobacterial crude extract (CE) containing MC. The Neotropical erythrinid fish, Hoplias malabaricus, were exposed intraperitoneally to CE containing 100 μg MC-LR eq kg À1 for 30 days and, thereafter, the plasma, liver, and white muscle was sampled for analyses. Liver tissue lost cellular structure organization showing round hepatocytes, hyperemia, and biliary duct obstruction. At the ultrastructural level, the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum exhibited disorganization. Direct and total bilirubin increased in plasma. In the liver, the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) increased, and the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased; AST increased in plasma. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were unchanged in the liver, muscle, and plasma. Glycogen stores and the energetic metabolites as glucose, lactate, and pyruvate decrease in the liver; pyruvate decreased in plasma and lactate decreased in muscle. Ammonia levels increased and protein concentration decreased in plasma. CE alters liver morphology by causing hepatocyte intracellular disorder, obstructive cholestasis, and dysfunction in the activity of key liver enzymes. The increasing energy demand implies glucose mobilization and metabolic adjustments maintaining protein preservation and lipid recruitment to supply the needs for detoxification allowing fish survival.

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Ultrastructural Biomarkers in Target Organs of Fish from Algeria Coastline to Access Water Quality

Bencheikh,

Refes,

Mela Prodocimo

et al. 2024

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Crude extract of cyanobacteria ( Radiocystis fernandoi , strain R28) induces liver impairments in fish

Cited by 16 publications

References 50 publications

Biotransformations, Antioxidant System Responses, and Histopathological Indexes in the Liver of Fish Exposed to Cyanobacterial Extract

Biotransformations, Antioxidant System Responses, and Histopathological Indexes in the Liver of Fish Exposed to Cyanobacterial Extract

Liver dysfunction and energy storage mobilization in traíra, Hoplias malabaricus (Teleostei, Erythrinidae) induced by subchronic exposure to toxic cyanobacterial crude extract

Ultrastructural Biomarkers in Target Organs of Fish from Algeria Coastline to Access Water Quality

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