Crown Rust

Simons, M. D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-148402-6.50013-4

Cited by 87 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Crown rust is the main disease affecting oats (Avena sativa L.) in all regions of crop growth (Simons, 1985;Martinelli, 2000). The damage caused by crown rust is dependent upon the duration and intensity of the epidemic, among other factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of resistance to oat crown rust in recombinant inbred lines

Graichen

Martinelli

Federizzi

et al. 2010

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Crown rust is the main disease affecting oats (Avena sativa L.), and genetic resistance has been the chief method utilized to control this disease. A population composed of 135 recombinant inbred lines, F5:6, generated by crossing the oat cultivar UFRGS 8 with the genotype Pc68/5*Starter, was assessed on the inheritance of resistance to crown rust (Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae P. Syd. & Syd.). The evaluation of resistance in F5:6 seedlings was based on the type of infection resulting from inoculation with the race SQPT of P. coronata f. sp. avenae. The proportion of Resistant: Susceptible seedlings (R:S) was 62:64, which indicates that inheritance was governed by a single gene. The assessment of resistance inheritance in adult plants was performed in the field during the years 2004 and 2005. The distinction between resistant and susceptible classes was based on the final severity (FS) as well as the area under the disease progress curve, which was normalized and corrected (AUDPC*c). F5:6 and F5:7 were evaluated under field conditions in 2004 and 2005, demonstrating a ratio of approximately 1R:3S, which fits with a typical two genes inheritance model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inheritance of resistance to oat crown rust in recombinant inbred lines

Graichen

Martinelli

Federizzi

et al. 2010

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…P. coronata can overwinter on various species of Rhamnus in both its native and introduced ranges, but its major overwintering host in North America is R. cathartica (Simons 1985). Oat crown rust occurs far outside the area where R. cathartica has invaded (Leonard 2003), so local populations of this overwintering host are clearly not necessary for rust development.…”

Section: Buckthorn and Oat Crown Rustmentioning

confidence: 98%

European buckthorn and Asian soybean aphid as components of an extensive invasional meltdown in North America

et al. 2010

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We consider the possibility of an extensive invasional meltdown occurring in central North America involving eleven Eurasian species. The scenario begins with the potential co-facilitation between the European earthworm Lumbricus terrestris and European buckthorn, Rhamnus cathartica. Once introduced, European buckthorn has served as the overwintering host for two important invasive crop pests, oat crown rust, Puccinea coronata and the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines. The spread of R. cathartica itself may have been aided by seed dispersal by the European starling, Sturnus vulgaris, and the presence of L. terrestris has likely facilitated the invasion of Bipalium adventitium, an Asian predatory flatworm that specializes on earthworms. Beyond this, the soybean aphid is consumed by a number of introduced species, including the lady beetle Harmonia axyridis, the ground beetle Agonum muelleri and the parasitoid Aphelinus certus. We hypothesize that the presence of soybean aphid increases regional abundances of these species. We discuss both the evidence for this multi-species invasional meltdown scenario and potential implications of meltdown dynamics for invasive species management. The particular management issues that we discuss are: (1) opportunities for managing multiple invasive species simultaneously by targeting facilitator species, and (2) implications of meltdown dynamics for biological control introductions against the soybean aphid.

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“…The limited durability of the Pc-gene resistance is strongly related to frequent changes in virulence phenotypes of the pathogen. In North America and northern Europe, R. cathartica is the most important aecial host for the sexual stage of Puccinia coronata serving not only as a source of primary inoculum, but also as the origin of new pathogenic races through genetic recombination (Simon, 1985;Leonard, 2002). Rhamnus cathartica has not been reported as a native forest plant in Tunisia (Pottier-Alapetite, 1979).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Rhamnus lycioides in Tunisia is a new aecial host of oat crown rust

2006

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Puccinia coronata was not previously described on Rhamnus spp. in Tunisia. Three sites in the northwest of Tunisia, where Rhamnus is reported to be abundant, were surveyed for the presence of pycnia and aecia of oat crown rust caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae. Two Rhamnus species (R. lycioides and R. alaternus) were encountered in the sites. Pycnia with viable pycniospores and aecia with viable aeciospores were found on R. lycioides. However, no characteristic structures of crown rust were found on R. alaternus. Aeciospores collected from leaves of R. lycioides were used to inoculate oat plants usually susceptible to oat crown rust. Typical uredinia containing oat crown rust urediniospores appeared on the leaves of these plants. Moreover, the sixteen Pc-gene differential oat lines, used by oat researchers to study the virulence pattern in oat crown rust populations, were artificially inoculated with aeciospores from R. lycioides. These inoculated lines showed resistance/susceptibility similar to the registered resistance level of these lines to crown rust under field conditions in Tunisia. These results indicate that R. lycioides, a common and endemic part of the vegetation in the northwest of Tunisia, is a new aecial host of oat crown rust. The aeciospores produced on this forest plant could constitute the source of the virulence diversity already detected via the Pc-gene line trials.

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Crown Rust

Cited by 87 publications

References 55 publications

Inheritance of resistance to oat crown rust in recombinant inbred lines

Inheritance of resistance to oat crown rust in recombinant inbred lines

European buckthorn and Asian soybean aphid as components of an extensive invasional meltdown in North America

Rhamnus lycioides in Tunisia is a new aecial host of oat crown rust

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