Crown dimensions of Malay deciduous teeth: Sex dimorphism and tooth size in Asia

Lukacs, John R.; Kuswandari, Sri

doi:10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105481

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Shankar et al in another study [ 31 ] observed a significant difference between the sexes in the mean mesiodistal dimensions of the right canine and the right and left first molars and the buccolingual dimensions of first molars in the right side of the maxilla. Similar reports were published by almost any other group who evaluated this matter in terms of buccolingual and/or mesiodistal dimensions [ 6 , 8 , 28 – 34 ]. The largest reported sex difference in the appearance of deciduous teeth might be in the European Caucasian population of Burlington in the United States with a difference of 4% [ 30 ], followed by the African-American population with 3.0% [ 35 ], the Australian natives with 2.5% [ 36 ], and the Taiwanese-Chinese population with 1.1% [ 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The morphology of teeth may vary among different populations [ 25 ]. This also includes the different degrees of the appearance of teeth between the sexes (sexual dimorphism) in the primary dentition which has been observed across different populations [ 6 , 8 , 28 – 33 ]. The study by Shankar et al [ 32 ] showed that the tooth dimensions of boys were larger than girls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sex identification is an important step in reconstructing the biological profile of individuals with unknown identities in forensic medicine [ 5 – 8 ]. The metric sizes and non-metric features of the teeth may provide information about the sex of individuals [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, in cases where sex recognition is not possible through craniofacial features, metric features of the permanent or primary teeth are used to identify sex [ 3 , 5 , 6 ]. Although studies on sex dimorphism in the primary dentition exist [ 6 , 8 ], studies on optimum cut-off points for sex identification using the primary dentition are lacking worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric variations and nonmetric anatomical traits or anomalies of the primary molar teeth, plus the molars' size thresholds for sex identification

Ghorbanyjavadpour,

Jamali,

Roayaei Ardakani

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Introduction Morphological and morphometric features of the teeth are of interest to various clinical and academic dental and medical fields including prosthodontics, orthodontics, anatomy and anthropology, pathology, archeology, and forensic dentistry. These have been more or less researched in the case of the permanent dentition. However when it comes to the primary dentition, the literature is scarce and controversial. No study worldwide exists on the cutoff points (thresholds) for sex identification; no study exists on metric or nonmetric traits of deciduous teeth in Iranians. Hence, the aim of the study was to assess both the metric and nonmetric traits of primary molars, as well as their cut-off points for sex identification. Methods In this epidemiological cross-sectional study, pretreatment casts of 110 children (51 boys and 59 girls) aged 6 to 12 years were collected. Maxillary and mandibular first and second primary molars were evaluated regarding their metric traits (mesiodistal and buccolingual widths) and 9 nonmetric traits (Accessory cusp on the upper D, Accessory cusp on the lower D, Fifth cusp on the upper E, Carabelli’s cusp on the upper E, Protostylid on the lower E, Fifth cusp on the lower E, Sixth cusp on the lower E, Tuberculum intermedium [metaconulid] on the lower E, and Deflecting wrinkle on the lower E). ROC curves were used to identify cut-off points for sex determination as well as the usefulness of metric measurements for this purpose. Data were analyzed using independent-samples and paired-samples t-tests, McNemar, Fisher, and chi-square tests, plus Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients (α = 0.05). Results All the primary molars’ coronal dimensions (both mesiodistal and buccolingual) were extremely useful for sex identification (ROC curves, all P values ≤ 0.0000099). Especially, the mandibular primary molars (areas under ROC curves [AUCs] between 85.6 and 90.4%, P values ≤ 0.0000006) were more useful than the maxillary ones (AUCs between 80.4 and 83.1%, P values ≤ 0. 0000099). In the mandible, the first primary molar (maximum AUC = 90.4%) was better than the second molar (maximum AUC = 86.0%). The optimum thresholds for sex determination were reported. Sex dimorphism was significant in buccolingual and mesiodistal crown widths of all the primary molars (all P values ≤ 0.000132), but it was seen only in the case of 2 nonmetric traits: Deflecting wrinkle (P = 0.001) and Tuberculum intermedium (metaconulid, P = 0.029) on the lower Es, taking into account the unilateral and bilateral cases. The occurrence of nonmetric traits was symmetrical between the right and left sides (all P values ≥ 0.250). All mesiodistal and two buccolingual molar measurements were as well symmetrical (P > 0.1); however, two buccolingual measurements were asymmetrical: in the case of the maxillary E (P = 0.0002) and mandibular D (P = 0.019). There were three weak-to-moderate correlations between the nonmetric traits of the mandibular second molars (Spearman correlations between 22.7 and 37.5%, P values ≤ 0.045). Up to 6 concurrent nonmetric traits were observed in the sample, with 53.6% of the sample showing at least 2 concurrent nonmetric traits at the same time, without any sex dimorphism (P = 0.658). Conclusion Sex dimorphism exists considerably in primary molars’ sizes, but it is not as prevalent in their nonmetric traits or abnormalities. Primary molars’ crown sizes are useful for sex identification; we calculated optimum cut-off points for this purpose, for the first time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphometric variations and nonmetric anatomical traits or anomalies of the primary molar teeth, plus the molars' size thresholds for sex identification

Ghorbanyjavadpour,

Jamali,

Roayaei Ardakani

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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“…Or, is the pattern of sexual dimorphism in deciduous crown size sufficiently similar among groups and regions to permit the application of one method to ethnically similar groups? This study advances earlier research on deciduous dental morphometrics of prehistoric and living populations of India (Lukacs, 1981; Lukacs & Walimbe, 1984: Lukacs, 2019) and Indonesia (Lukacs & Kuswandari, 2013, 2022). Finally, clinical treatment of children's dental needs may benefit from knowledge of the dimorphic nature of tooth crown size variation in girls and boys, especially in orthodontic and prosthodontic care.…”

Section: Region Location Data Group Data Sourcesupporting

confidence: 82%

Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size: Variability within and between groups

Lukacs

2022

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives: Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size is often used to identify sex in sub-adults from archeological sites and forensic settings. Yet sexual dimorphism in deciduous dental attributes is less well documented than in permanent teeth. This analysis was conducted to document variation in sexual dimorphism within and between a global sample of populations. Methods: Mean deciduous tooth crown size was culled from published literature, yielding a sample of 37 groups. Mean mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) crown dimensions are the basis for computing percent sexual dimorphism [(M/FÀ1) * 100]. Three analyses were conducted: (1) a statistical analysis of mean % sex dimorphism (%SD) within and between populations, (2) an evaluation of rank-ordered %SD by tooth, and (3) an assessment of intergroup patterns in degree of sexual dimorphism. Univariate tests of significance, correlation and regression, and multivariate cluster analysis were used. Results: Mean %SD is low overall (1.77) for 26 groups and the level of dimorphism is not significantly different for MD (1.68) and BL (1.72) dimensions. The most sexual dimorphic deciduous teeth include incisor, canine and molar tooth types, while in the permanent dentition canines are consistently most sexual dimorphic. Global variation in sexual dimorphism of deciduous tooth size is low with little inter-ethnic variation.Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism in crown size is lower and more variably expressed than in permanent teeth. Differences may relate to developmental, chromosomal, and hormonal factors. Degree of sexual dimorphism is not associated with ethnicity in this global sample.

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Crown dimensions of Malay deciduous teeth: Sex dimorphism and tooth size in Asia

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Morphometric variations and nonmetric anatomical traits or anomalies of the primary molar teeth, plus the molars' size thresholds for sex identification

Morphometric variations and nonmetric anatomical traits or anomalies of the primary molar teeth, plus the molars' size thresholds for sex identification

Sexual dimorphism in deciduous tooth crown size: Variability within and between groups

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