Crown damage by the aphid<i>Essigella californica</i>in a<i>Pinus radiata</i>plantation in southern New South Wales: causality and related management issues

Stone, Christine; Melville, Gavin J.; Carnegie, Angus J.; Smith, David; Eyles, Alieta; Nagel, Matthew

doi:10.1080/00049158.2013.776928

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…Defoliation events caused by insects have also been given considerable attention, e.g. bark beetle outbreaks, alone or in interaction with drought ( Gaylord et al , 2013 ; Anderegg et al , 2015 ; Arango-Velez et al , 2016 ), and leaf-feeding insects ( Krause and Raffa, 1992 ; Quentin et al , 2010 ; Eyles et al , 2011 a ; Stone et al , 2013 ; Chen et al , 2017 ). However, there is a remarkable lack of studies on the impact of pathogen-induced defoliation on tree productivity and resilience through mechanistic approaches despite persistent increases in invasive pathogen alerts and predictions of future increases ( Anderson et al , 2004 ; Fisher et al , 2012 ; Scott et al , 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No carbon limitation after lower crown loss in Pinus radiata

et al. 2020

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Background and Aims Biotic and abiotic stressors can cause different defoliation patterns within trees. Foliar pathogens of conifers commonly prefer older needles and infection with defoliation that progresses from the bottom crown to the top. The functional role of the lower crown of trees is a key question to address the impact of defoliation caused by foliar pathogens. Methods A 2 year artificial defoliation experiment was performed using two genotypes of grafted Pinus radiata to investigate the effects of lower-crown defoliation on carbon (C) assimilation and allocation. Grafts received one of the following treatments in consecutive years: control–control, control–defoliated, defoliated–control and defoliated–defoliated. Results No upregulation of photosynthesis either biochemically or through stomatal control was observed in response to defoliation. The root:shoot ratio and leaf mass were not affected by any treatment, suggesting prioritization of crown regrowth following defoliation. In genotype B, defoliation appeared to impose C shortage and caused reduced above-ground growth and sugar storage in roots, while in genotype A, neither growth nor storage was altered. Root C storage in genotype B decreased only transiently and recovered over the second growing season. Conclusions In genotype A, the contribution of the lower crown to the whole-tree C uptake appears to be negligible, presumably conferring resilience to foliar pathogens affecting the lower crown. Our results suggest that there is no C limitation after lower-crown defoliation in P. radiata grafts. Further, our findings imply genotype-specific defoliation tolerance in P. radiata.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No carbon limitation after lower crown loss in Pinus radiata

et al. 2020

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IPM: The Forest Context

Sweeney

Dodds

Fettig

et al. 2023

Forest Entomology and Pathology

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EF-1α DNA Sequences Indicate Multiple Origins of Introduced Populations of Essigella californica (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Théry¹,

Brockerhoff²,

Carnegie³

et al. 2017

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Aphids in the pine-feeding Nearctic genus Essigella (Sternorrhyncha, Aphididae, Lachninae) have been introduced in Europe, North Africa, Oceania, and South America. Mitochondrial, nuclear, and endosymbiont DNA sequences of 12 introduced populations from three continents confirm they all belong to Essigella californica (Essig, 1909). Intron sequence variation of the nuclear gene EF-1α has revealed the existence of four distinct groups. Group I gathers one population from China, where the species is newly reported, and several from Europe (France and Italy); Group II is represented by one population from Argentina; Group III includes two populations from Southern Australia with one from New Zealand; and Group IV corresponds to five populations from Eastern and South-Eastern Australia. These results indicate that introduced populations of E. californica have at least four source populations. They also show that intron variation of EF-1α can be a method to discriminate populations of asexually reproducing aphids.

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Crown damage by the aphidEssigella californicain aPinus radiataplantation in southern New South Wales: causality and related management issues

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

No carbon limitation after lower crown loss in Pinus radiata

No carbon limitation after lower crown loss in Pinus radiata

IPM: The Forest Context

EF-1α DNA Sequences Indicate Multiple Origins of Introduced Populations of Essigella californica (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

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