Crown and stand characteristics of Eucalyptus nitens in response to initial spacing: implications for thinning

Pinkard, EA; Neilsen, W. A.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(01)00803-9

Cited by 86 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, at Llohué, E. nitens registered its greater height at the highest stocking, a result similar to that obtained by Srivastava et al (1999), who assured that the diameter and total height of Terminalia arjuna increased along with stocking at densities between 10,000 and 50,000 trees ha -1 . A study with E. nitens established at densities between 833 and 1,333 trees ha -1 by Pinkard and Neilsen (2003) concluded that the diameter of the trees was not affected by the stand density before the fifth year of growth, although those authors also mentioned that, at high plantation density levels, the effect could be manifested earlier, in line with the results of our study. E. camaldulensis, established at 7,500 trees ha -1 at Llohué, showed more growth in D and H; these results were most likely influenced by external factors not controlled in this trial.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This result may be explained by the high variability of D and H in the early stages of crop growth (Srivastava et al, 1999;Pinkard and Neilsen, 2003). At Santa Rosa, the biomass yield of E. globulus decreased as stocking increased, a result explained by the much smaller size of the trees established in those experimental units (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Crops intended for biomass production (SRFC) are mainly grown in high initial density plantations (Parmar et al, 2015;Santangelo et al, 2015). Indeed In, the management of plantation density counts as a critical decision concerning SRFC (Pinkard and Neilsen, 2003), with direct implications for the optimization of different final products. An appropriate initial planting density is important economically (Bernardo et al, 1998;Pinkard and Neilsen, 2003), and the individual tree response to initial spacing has been widely studied (Pinkard and Neilsen, 2003;Harmand et al, 2004;Barton and Montagu, 2006;Wilkinson et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS GROWTH AND YIELD OF FIRST ROTATION CUTTING CYCLE OF Acacia AND Eucalyptus SHORT ROTATION DENDROENERGY CROPS

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Chile has strong interest in biomass production for the purpose of generating bioenergy to accomplish environmental standards for clean energy production. However, no yield or productivity information is available about forest crop plantations established at high-initial planting densities dedicated to energy production. The objective of the present study was to provide long-term results of short-rotation forest crops research trials, investigating first cutting cycle most promising species biomass production. Plantations of Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus globulus, and Eucalyptus nitens were established at initial stockings of 5,000; 7,500 and 10,000 trees ha -1 on marginal sites with important nutritional and hydric limitations in the Biobío Region, Chile. After 48 months, E. camaldulensis reached the highest biomass yield at initial stocking of 7,500 trees ha -1 (22.5 Mg ha -1 ) on dry land granitic soils, and E. nitens reached 35.2 Mg ha -1 on sandy soils. Initial stockings and biomass yields were directly related, but strongly conditioned by mortality, where greater initial stocking concurred with greater mortality after 4 years. The collar diameter and total height growth was lower at higher stockings.Keywords: Bioenergy; Growth and biomass yield; Eucalyptus spp. PRIMEIRO CICLO DE CORTE DE CRESCIMENTO BIOMASSA ACIMA DO SOLO E PRODUTIVIDADE DE ENSAIOS DE DENDROENERGIA DE Acacia E EucalyptusRESUMO -O Chile tem um forte interesse na produção de biomassa com o objetivo de gerar bioenergia para cumprir padrões ambientais para a produção de energia limpa. No entanto, não há informações de produtividade ou produtividade disponíveis sobre plantações de culturas florestais estabelecidas em densidades de plantio elevadas, dedicadas à produção de energia. O objetivo do presente estudo foi fornecer resultados a longo prazo de estudos de pesquisa de culturas florestais de rotação curta, investigando o primeiro ciclo de corte, a produção de biomassa de espécies mais promissoras. As plantações de Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Eucalyptus globulus e Eucalyptus nitens foram estabelecidas em meias iniciais de 5.000; 7.500 e 10.000 árvores ha -1 em locais marginais com importantes limitações nutricionais e hídricas na Região Biobío, no Chile. Após 48 meses, E. camaldulensis atingiu o maior rendimento de biomassa na base inicial de 7.500 árvores ha -1 (22,5 Mg ha -1 ) em solos graníticos de terra seca e E. nitens atingiu 35,2 Mg ha -1 em solos arenosos. As meias iniciais e os rendimentos de biomassa foram diretamente relacionados, mas fortemente condicionados pela mortalidade, onde maior estocagem inicial concordou com maior mortalidade após 4 anos. O diâmetro do colar eo crescimento da altura total foram menores nas meias mais altas Palavras-Chave: Bioenergia; Crescimento e produção de biomassa, Eucalyptus spp. 2Revista Árvore. 2017;41(6):e410608 ACUNA E et al.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS GROWTH AND YIELD OF FIRST ROTATION CUTTING CYCLE OF Acacia AND Eucalyptus SHORT ROTATION DENDROENERGY CROPS

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, low planting densities may result in thick branches in the most valuable section of the log [6][7][8][9], while planting with high stocking density can effectively reduce the maximum and average branch size [10][11][12][13]. Some studies have also demonstrated that the angle of live branches became steeper with increasing planting densities [14,15], and a more acute branch angle might have the potential to cause larger dead knots and higher knot-related defects [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Planting Density on Knot Attributes and Branch Occlusion of Betula alnoides under Natural Pruning in Southern China

Chun-sheng

Zhong

Hein

et al. 2015

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Knot-related defects are the major cause of timber quality degradation, and diminishing this kind of defects is an important issue in forest management. For the purpose of clear-wood production, knot attributes and branch occlusion of Betula alnoides under natural pruning were investigated in a 14-year-old experimental plantation with five planting densities ranging from 500 to 3333 stems per hectare in southern China, and a total of 1325 occluded branches from 30 trees were sampled and dissected. The mean occluded branch diameter (OBD), radius of knots and branch insertion angle (IA) decreased significantly with increasing planting density. Planting with high stocking density significantly reduced the frequency of thick occluded branches (diameter ≥ 20 mm) while increasing the frequency of small ones (diameter < 10 mm). Branch occlusion time (OT) also tended to increase with OPEN ACCESSForests 2015, 6 1344 decreasing planting density. The results of generalized linear mixed models showed that OBD was the major factor influencing OT, radius of dead portion of knot (RDP), total radius of knot (TRK) and IA. In addition, OT was positively correlated with RDP but negatively correlated with stem diameter growth rate during branch occlusion (SDGR). Silvicultural strategies with appropriate planting density for large-diameter clear-wood production of B. alnoides were discussed.

show abstract

“…This may be attributed to the differences in size and position height of branches between young and mid-aged B. alnoides. Pinkard and Neilsen also found that branch density of all branches within the crown of seven-year-old Eucalyptus nitens did not vary significantly with planting density from 500 to 1667 sph [33].…”

Section: Branch Quantitymentioning

confidence: 88%

Branch Development of Five-Year-Old Betula alnoides Plantations in Response to Planting Density

Chun-sheng

Cheng

Hein

et al. 2018

Forests

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Branch development in the lower part of stem is critical to both early stem growth and wood quality of the most valuable section of tree, and its regulation through planting density has always been greatly concerned. Here the effect of planting density on branch development was examined in a five-year-old plantation of Betula alnoides with six planting densities (625, 833, 1111, 1250, 1667, and 2500 stems per hectare (sph)) in Guangdong Province, South China. Branch quantity (number, proportion, and density), morphology (diameter, length, and angle), position (height and orientation), and branch status (dead or alive) were investigated for 54 dominant or co-dominant trees under six treatments of planting density after the growth of each tree was measured. Factors influencing branch development were also explored by mixed modelling. The results showed that the mean tree heights of 1250 and 1667 sph treatments were higher than those of other planting density treatments. The quantity of live branches decreased with increasing planting density. However, planting density had no significant effect on the number of all branches, and there existed no remarkable difference in branch number and proportion among four orientations. As for branch morphology, only the largest branch diameter had a significantly negative correlation with planting density. In addition, high planting density significantly increased the height of the largest branch within the crown. Mixed effects models indicated that branch diameter, length, and angle were closely correlated with each other, and they were all in positively significant correlation to the branch height at the stem section below six meters. It was concluded that properly increasing planting density will promote natural pruning, improve early branch control, and be beneficial for wood production from the most valuable section of the stem.

show abstract

Crown and stand characteristics of Eucalyptus nitens in response to initial spacing: implications for thinning

Cited by 86 publications

References 19 publications

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS GROWTH AND YIELD OF FIRST ROTATION CUTTING CYCLE OF Acacia AND Eucalyptus SHORT ROTATION DENDROENERGY CROPS

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS GROWTH AND YIELD OF FIRST ROTATION CUTTING CYCLE OF Acacia AND Eucalyptus SHORT ROTATION DENDROENERGY CROPS

Effect of Planting Density on Knot Attributes and Branch Occlusion of Betula alnoides under Natural Pruning in Southern China

Branch Development of Five-Year-Old Betula alnoides Plantations in Response to Planting Density

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About