“…He et al [40] proposed an experimental facility in the low-speed wind tunnel to study the aerodynamic characteristics of moving trains on the bridge. The train model is driven by the gravity because the train model is moving on a big U-shaped slide rail guide with two huge arch guide rails, and the maximum speed of train can reach up to 6 m/s.…”
In recent years, high-speed railways in China have developed very rapidly, and the number and span of the railway bridges are keeping increasing. Meanwhile, frequent extreme disasters, such as strong winds, earthquakes and floods, pose a significant threat to the safety of the train–bridge systems. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to evaluate the safety and comfort of trains when crossing a bridge under external excitations. In these aspects, there is abundant research but lacks a literature review. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of research works on train–bridge systems under external excitations, which includes crosswinds, waves, collision loads and seismic loads. The characteristics of external excitations, the models of the train–bridge systems under external excitations, and the representative research results are summarized and analyzed. Finally, some suggestions for further research of the coupling vibration of train–bridge system under external excitations are presented.
“…He et al [40] proposed an experimental facility in the low-speed wind tunnel to study the aerodynamic characteristics of moving trains on the bridge. The train model is driven by the gravity because the train model is moving on a big U-shaped slide rail guide with two huge arch guide rails, and the maximum speed of train can reach up to 6 m/s.…”
In recent years, high-speed railways in China have developed very rapidly, and the number and span of the railway bridges are keeping increasing. Meanwhile, frequent extreme disasters, such as strong winds, earthquakes and floods, pose a significant threat to the safety of the train–bridge systems. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to evaluate the safety and comfort of trains when crossing a bridge under external excitations. In these aspects, there is abundant research but lacks a literature review. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive state-of-the-art review of research works on train–bridge systems under external excitations, which includes crosswinds, waves, collision loads and seismic loads. The characteristics of external excitations, the models of the train–bridge systems under external excitations, and the representative research results are summarized and analyzed. Finally, some suggestions for further research of the coupling vibration of train–bridge system under external excitations are presented.
“…The first test section (high-speed test section) is 3.0 m wide, 3.0 m high, and 15.0 m long, with continuously adjustable wind speed within the range of 0∼94 m/s (maximum wind speed wind tunnel for civil engineering). The second test section (low-speed test section) is 12.0 m wide, 3.5 m high, and 18.0 m long, with continuously adjustable wind speed within the range of 0–20 m/s.Figure 2.Schematic diagram of the wind tunnel (He and Zou, 2021). …”
Section: U-shaped Launching Ramp System For Moving Vehicle–bridge Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The track model used in this study is a whole unit on each side; that is, this model is equivalent to a seamless track in reality and is designed for reducing the friction between the vehicle and track and increasing the sliding velocity. For the present test system, as shown in Figure 4(b), the length of the uniform speed section is 6.4 m.Figure 4.Schematic diagram of the U-shaped launching ramp (He and Zou, 2021): (a) design drawing, (b) testing figure.…”
Section: U-shaped Launching Ramp System For Moving Vehicle–bridge Modelmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Schematic diagram of the U-shaped launching ramp (He and Zou, 2021): (a) design drawing, (b) testing figure.…”
Section: U-shaped Launching Ramp System For Moving Vehicle–bridge Modelmentioning
The existing moving vehicle models generally require a long test-track to realize the acceleration and deceleration processes and the negative effect of data cables is inevitably for the wind pressure measurement using the traditional pressure scanning system. To address the technical obstacle for moving vehicle models in wind tunnel tests, a new type of aerodynamic measurement technology is presented in this study. Firstly, a piece of new kinetic equipment, a U-Shaped launching ramp, is proposed. The U-Shaped launching ramp can realize the acceleration and deceleration of the vehicle model by gravity and makes full use of the test section of the wind tunnel. Then, a wireless pressure acquisition system is developed to virtually eliminate the negative effects of the inertia and friction forces. By comparing with the conventional wind pressure test data, the proposed wireless pressure acquisition system presents a higher accuracy and fully satisfies the test requirement for the moving vehicle-bridge system. From the scaled test, it is confirmed that the aerodynamic forces of the moving vehicle model are larger than that of the static one, implying that the moving test is necessary for studying the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle-bridge coupling system.
“…However, these studies mainly focused on the aerodynamic characteristics without considerations of the protection effect of the wind barriers installed on the bridge deck. Recently, through wind tunnel tests, many scholars have studied the effect of crosswind on vehicle stability on bridges, and they have found that railings and wind barriers can effectively improve vehicle stability [12][13][14][15][16]. However, these studies did not investigate the impact of wind barriers with different opening shapes on vehicle stability.…”
To explore the influence of bridge wind barriers, with their specific opening shapes and arrangements, on bridge deck wind fields and vehicle driving stability under different crosswinds, five bridge wind barrier schemes were designed. For two incoming wind speeds, the wind speed at different heights over three traffic lanes and the aerodynamic six-component force of the vehicle model were measured, and the influence of the wind barrier parameters on the vehicle driving stability was analyzed. The equivalent wind speed reduction coefficient of the wind barrier was compared with the dimensionless coefficients of the aerodynamic side force, roll moment, and aerodynamic lift to verify the accuracy of the shielding effect evaluation indices. The final conclusions provide a useful reference for designing bridge wind barriers.
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