Crossovers--Female Entrepreneurs Who Enter Male Sectors: Evidence from Ethiopia

Addressing Gender-Based Segregation through Information: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in the Republic of Congo

“…Mitigating this segregation is an important mechanism to reduce gender differences in earnings. Alibhai et al (2017) find that female-owned enterprises in male-dominated sectors perform better on average than those in female-concentrated sectors, with firms achieving higher profits and having more employees. In addition to improving women's earnings, helping them cross over into new sectors can also lead to a more efficient allocation of the labor force.…”

Women Empowerment for Poverty and Inequality Reduction in Sudan

“…The evidence from Ethiopia and Uganda suggests that women entrepreneurs who operate in male-dominated sectors earn the same as their male counterparts and much more than women who stick to traditionally female sectors. Factors that appear to be associated with women operating businesses in nontraditional sectors include access to information on differential profits across sectors and exposure to male-dominated sectors through professional experience or role models, especially male family members (Alibhai et al 2017;Campos et al 2015). However, it would be important that any such policies also paid attention to supporting women who do cross over into male-dominated sectors to help them overcome the various risks and constraints they are likely to face once they are working in the sector, such as increased risks of GBV.…”

Promoting Women Entrepreneurs in Mexico Report

“…The existing literature often defines a man-dominated sector as a sector in which men own more than 50 percent of the firms or make up more than 50 percent of the employees. Some studies use a threshold of 75 percent and draw on the responses of entrepreneurs to questions about their perceptions of the sex of the owners of most enterprises in their sectors (Alibhai et al 2017;Campos et al 2015;Goldstein, Gonzalez Martinez, and Papineni 2019;IWPR 2013).…”