Crossover-tolerant coated platinum catalysts in hydrogen/bromine redox flow battery

High energy density electrolytes for H2/Br2redox flow batteries, their polybromide composition and influence on battery cycling limits

“…8 Main research activities are the investigation of performant separators allowing for the limitation of hydrobromic acid (HBr), bromine (Br 2 ) and polybromides crossover [8][9][10][11][12] as well as the development of resistant catalyst materials. [13][14][15] The H 2 /Br 2 -RFB storage technology is thereby progressing from prototype testing to commercialisation. 1,15 For example, Enstorage demonstrated a 150 kW/900 kW h H 2 /Br 2 -RFB system 15 and Elestor BV deployed eld test systems.…”

Systematic Study of Quaternary Ammonium Cations for Bromine Sequestering Application in High Energy Density Electrolytes for Hydrogen Bromine Redox Flow Batteries

“…Ideally, in order to achieve high power densities in H 2 /Br 2 -RFBs, high concentrations of HBr and Br 2 are indispensable [ 18 ]. Nevertheless, Br 2 itself and in polybromide form is already quite volatile at ambient temperature [ 19 , 20 , 21 ] and can react with different electrode and cell components of the H 2 /Br 2 -RFBs [ 4 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. One major concern is the crossover of Br 2 from the positive to the negative half cell during cell operation.…”

Hydrogen‐Bromine Redox‐Flow Battery Cycling with Bromine Complexing Agent: on the Benefits of Nanoporous Separator Versus Proton Exchange Membrane

“…Redox‐flow batteries (RFBs) have the potential to answer the demand for grid‐connected electrical energy storage (EES). [ 1,2 ] In hydrogen‐bromine RFBs, the energy is electrochemically converted from abundant chemical species, which can be stored in external tanks and flowed into the RFB [ 3–7 ] Hydrogen‐bromine RFBs display high power density, [ 8 ] and a lot of efforts have been dedicated to the development of sustainable catalysts [ 9 ] and efficient design of the electrodes. [ 10 ] One of the main costs of operation relates to the safe employment of bromine species.…”

“…This has a severe impact on the necessary specifications of the materials utilized within the battery, affecting the levelized cost of storage (LCOS), [ 13 ] even though recent developments to mitigate the corrosion have been proposed. [ 8,14 ]…”