Cross-Talk between Gut Microbiota and the Heart: A New Target for the Herbal Medicine Treatment of Heart Failure?

Li, Lin; Zhong, Senjie; Cheng, Bin; Qiu, Hong; Hu, Zhixi

doi:10.1155/2020/9097821

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Accumulating evidence has demonstrated a link between the gut microbiota and HF, mainly through intestinal barrier impairment and bacterial translocation to induce inflammation and the immune responses [ 51 ]. Intestinal epithelial cells can be damaged by intestinal ischemia, and epithelial dysfunction further impairs the absorption of sugar, protein, and fat, which may have an adverse effect on the development of HF [ 52 ]. In addition, an increased potential for SCFA biosynthesis in the microbiome and elevated serum LPS levels have been reported among patients with CVD and HF [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Tsai

Hung

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The gut microbiota may contribute to the onset and progression of T2D and CVD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the gut microbiota and subclinical CVD in T2D patients. This cross-sectional study used echocardiographic data to evaluate the cardiac structure and function in T2D patients. We used a quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure the abundances of targeted fecal bacterial species that have been associated with T2D, including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Clostridium leptum group, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Escherichia coli. A total of 155 subjects were enrolled (mean age 62.9 ± 10.1 years; 57.4% male and 42.6% female). Phyla Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and genera Bacteroides were positively correlated with the left ventricular ejection fraction. Low levels of phylum Firmicutes were associated with an increased risk of left ventricular hypertrophy. High levels of both phylum Bacteroidetes and genera Bacteroides were negatively associated with diastolic dysfunction. A high phylum Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio and low level of genera Bacteroides were correlated with an increased left atrial diameter. Phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, the F/B ratio, and the genera Bacteroides were associated with variations in the cardiac structure and systolic and diastolic dysfunction in T2D patients. These findings suggest that changes in the gut microbiome may be the potential marker of the development of subclinical CVD in T2D patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Tsai

Hung

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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“…Zhang et al found that the gut microbiota is different between the two TCM syndromes of UC [ 83 ]. Future studies on the syndrome-based microbiota may improve the personalized TCM interventions [ 84 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese Medicine Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis via Modulating Gut Microbiota

Feng

Zhu

Shen

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder characterized by relapsing and remitting inflammation of the bowel. In recent decades, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used in the therapy of UC. However, its underlying mechanisms have not been sufficiently elucidated. Accumulating studies indicate that the gut microbial dysbiosis is closely related to UC. It has been demonstrated that TCM could alter the composition of intestinal microbiota by enriching beneficial and SCFA-producing bacteria and reducing pathogenic bacteria. In this review, we discussed recent evidence regarding the TCM and its role in modulating gut microbiota for the treatment of UC.

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“…This is interesting because in traditional Chinese medicine, the small intestine connects with the heart and together form a Yin-Yang pair that is part of the Fire element, which comprises body functions related to vessels and blood circulation. 145 The article respects the transmission of the virus through the airways, but along the text it is explained that the respiratory epithelium may be compromised due to the cardiovascular effects of cytokine storm after the intestinal imbalance, the The Intestinal Perspective of COVID-19 Macías et al General indications:…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contribution to cardiovascular function: Western modern science and traditional Chinese medicine coincide in admitting the existence of a heart-intestine axis. [145][146][147] This should not be uncommon when intestinal cells have a high expression of RNA and proteins for genes with endproducts active in the cardiovascular system, as is the case of serotonin formed from tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) or angiotensin II and angiotensin (1-7) produced from the respective ACE1 and ACE2. 6 In this same sense, NOS2 and AOC1 influence circulatory physiology.…”

Section: Participation In Neurological Balance and Nervous Ac-mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intestinal Perspective of COVID-19: NOS2 and AOC1 Genes as Epidemiological Factors, and a Homeopathic Approach to their Functional Improvement

Macías¹

2020

Homœopathic Links

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The new pandemic disease COVID-19 has wreaked havoc worldwide. Its infectious agent, SARS-CoV-2, uses two key human enzymes called angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) to invade body cells. The first one is encoded by the ACE2 gene and the second by the TMPRSS2 gene. Both have an outstanding expression of RNA and proteins in the small intestine compared with other tissues. This prominent location may be related to the main entry route of SARS-CoV-2 into the organism. In the process of infection, two other genes can play a fundamental role: NOS2, which expresses inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and AOC1, which encodes diamine oxidase (DAO). Both also highlight in the small intestine and are involved in polyamine metabolism. These biogenic amines are important for viral replication, being enhanced when NOS2 and AOC1 genes are downregulated. In addition, NOS2 shows a negative correlation with ACE2 and TMPRSS2, while nondegraded histamine by DAO can lead to an upregulation of both genes on which the virus depends. Taken together, these data suggest that inhibition or underexpression of NOS2 and AOC1 determines the susceptibility to get sick, increasing the risk of infection. On the other hand, a therapeutic approach to the disease could be made with homeopathic medicines. Experiments show the remedies' ability to stimulate gene and protein expression, but a correlation between the symptoms of each drug and these expressions has not yet been established. Here an analysis of the pathogenesis of Silicea terra and Arsenicum album supported on the scientific literature is done. The objective is to propose a theory about their relationship with key genes whose protein expressed in deficiency can give rise to the chain of events that imbalance the internal environment (homeostasis) and allow the development of symptoms. Silicea seems to be related to NOS2 (gene)/iNOS (protein) and Arsenicum with AOC1 (gene)/DAO (protein), being necessary to carry out studies to corroborate these links. Therefore, the aim of this article is to show the importance of NOS2 and AOC1 genes in the development of COVID-19 and to propose a line of investigation to evaluate if homeopathy can improve their protein expression.

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Cross-Talk between Gut Microbiota and the Heart: A New Target for the Herbal Medicine Treatment of Heart Failure?

Cited by 6 publications

References 98 publications

Gut Microbiota and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Gut Microbiota and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Traditional Chinese Medicine Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis via Modulating Gut Microbiota

The Intestinal Perspective of COVID-19: NOS2 and AOC1 Genes as Epidemiological Factors, and a Homeopathic Approach to their Functional Improvement

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