Cross-sectional studies of tuberculosis prevalence in Cambodia between 2002 and 2011

Mao, Tan Eang; Okada, Kosuke; Yamada, Norio; Satha, Peou; Ota, Masaki; Saint, Saly; Kouet, Pichenda; Chea, Manith; Keo, Sokonth; Pheng, Sok Heng; Tieng, Sivanna; Khun, Kim Eam; Sugamoto, Tetsuhiro; Matsumoto, Hiroko; Yoshiyama, Takashi; Ito, Kunihiko; Onozaki, Ikushi

doi:10.2471/blt.13.131581

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…decentralised beyond hospitals to include health centres [16,55,59]. The low proportion of bacteriologicallypositive cases on treatment among survey cases in almost all recent surveys conducted several years after DOTS implementation also suggests an increase in the quality of TB treatment over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 49 national TB prevalence surveys conducted in 16 Asian countries between 1953 and 2012 were identified (Table 1). For the purposes of maintaining relevance to current efforts in TB care and control, and given that 1990 is the baseline year for 2015 global TB targets, we focused our attention on surveys conducted between 1990 and 2012.…”

Section: Identification Of Surveys Conducted In Asia (1953-2012)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Asia, 1990–2012: an overview of results and lessons learned

Onozaki

Law

Sismanidis

et al. 2015

Tropical Med Int Health

Self Cite

154

112

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Abstractobjective and methods In many countries, national tuberculosis (TB) prevalence surveys are the only way to reliably measure the burden of TB disease and monitor trends. They can also provide evidence about the current performance of TB care and control and how this could be improved. We developed an inventory of Asian surveys from 1953 to 2012 and then compiled and analysed a standard set of data for all national surveys implemented between 1990 (the baseline year for 2015 global TB targets) and 2012.results There were 21 surveys in 12 countries between 1990 and 2012; published results were available for 18. The participation rate was at least 80% and often much higher except for two surveys in Thailand. The prevalence of bacteriologically-positive TB disease among adults aged ≥15 years varied widely among countries (1.2 per 1000 population in China in 2010 to 15 per 1000 population in Cambodia in 2002), but age and sex distribution patterns were consistent with a progressive increase in rates of disease by age, and men accounting for 66-75% of prevalent cases. A high proportion of cases (40-79% across all surveys) did not report TB symptoms that met screening criteria (generally cough of 2-3 weeks or more, and blood in the sputum) and were only detected due to chest X-ray screening of all survey participants; this proportion increased over time in countries with repeat survey data. The ratio of prevalent cases to cases notified to national TB programmes was typically around two, but was as high as three in Lao PDR and Pakistan even after the internationally recommended TB control strategy had been implemented nationwide for several years. Four countries (China, Cambodia, the Republic of Korea and the Philippines demonstrated declines in smear or culture-positive pulmonary TB prevalence of approximately 50% over 10 years.conclusions National TB prevalence surveys in Asia show that large reductions in the prevalence of TB disease can be achieved within a decade, that men bear much more of the burden than women and that the epidemic is ageing. Comparisons among countries show that more can be achieved in TB control in some countries with existing strategies and technologies. However, with many prevalent cases not reporting classic TB symptoms, all countries face the challenge of defining and implementing strategies that will result in earlier detection and treatment of cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of Surveys Conducted In Asia (1953-2012)mentioning

confidence: 99%

National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Asia, 1990–2012: an overview of results and lessons learned

Onozaki

Law

Sismanidis

et al. 2015

Tropical Med Int Health

Self Cite

154

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Table 1 lists four defining features of TB disease and diagnosis (latency 44 , gradual symptom onset 45,46 , reliance on sputum 47 and concentration of transmission among 'superspreaders' 48 ). These features highlight a number of potential diagnostic gaps, or elements along the TB diagnostic pathway, which, if filled by a novel diagnostic test, could generate substantial incremental value.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the incremental value of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis

Arinaminpathy

Dowdy

2015

Nature

109

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Tuberculosis is a major source of global mortality caused by infection, partly because of a tremendous ongoing burden of undiagnosed disease. Improved diagnostic technology may play an increasingly crucial part in global efforts to end tuberculosis, but the ability of diagnostic tests to curb tuberculosis transmission is dependent on multiple factors, including the time taken by a patient to seek health care, the patient's symptoms, and the patterns of transmission before diagnosis. Novel diagnostic assays for tuberculosis have conventionally been evaluated on the basis of characteristics such as sensitivity and specificity, using assumptions that probably overestimate the impact of diagnostic tests on transmission. We argue for a shift in focus to the evaluation of such tests' incremental value, defining outcomes that reflect each test's purpose (for example, transmissions averted) and comparing systems with the test against those without, in terms of those outcomes. Incremental value can also be measured in units of outcome per incremental unit of resource (for example, money or human capacity). Using a novel, simplified model of tuberculosis transmission that addresses some of the limitations of earlier tuberculosis diagnostic models, we demonstrate that the incremental value of any novel test depends not just on its accuracy, but also on elements such as patient behaviour, tuberculosis natural history and health systems. By integrating these factors into a single unified framework, we advance an approach to the evaluation of new diagnostic tests for tuberculosis that considers the incremental value at the population level and demonstrates how additional data could inform more-effective implementation of tuberculosis diagnostic tests under various conditions

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“…Un participante es elegible para baciloscopia si la radiografía de tórax muestra alguna anormalidad, o si el cuestionario de síntomas identifica síntomas sugestivos de TB (9) . El tamizaje basado en síntomas ha sido adoptado en la mayoría de las recientes encuestas nacionales de TB (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) ; sin embargo, la definición de síntomas varía según la encuesta. Algunos países con limitado recursos para realizar encuestas nacionales adoptan solo el tamizaje de síntomas, en estas situaciones, la prevalencia estimada de TB podría ser subestimada (9) .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Usando como definición tos por dos semanas o más y/o hemoptisis en el último mes, resultaron elegibles para examen de esputo el 4,9% en Laos (2010-2011) (10) , y 5,12% en Camboya (2011) (13) . Otro estudio realizado en la provincia de Xinjiang en China (2010-2011) (15) utilizó como estrategia de tamizaje la presencia de tos o producción de esputo por dos o más semanas y/o hemoptisis, y anormalidad en radiografía de tórax, encontrando una proporción de 5,4%.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Prevalencia de sintomáticos respiratorios en población peruana de 15 a más años: análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar, 2013 – 2015

Gutiérrez

Roque

Romaní

et al. 2017

Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica

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2,8% a 3,9%), 3,8% el 2014 (IC95%: 3,5% a 4,1%) y 3,3% el 2015 (IC95% de 3,0 a 3,6%). La prevalencia de SR fue mayor al 5% en personas de 60 a más años, en población de los quintiles más pobres y en residentes de zonas rurales. Concluimos que entre tres a cuatro de cada cien peruanos de 15 a más años se reporta tos con flema de ≥15 días. La proporción de SR varía según región del país. Se recomienda evaluar y ajustar la meta de sintomáticos respiratorios esperados para los establecimientos de salud del Perú.Palabras clave: Tos; Tuberculosis; Perú; prevalencia (fuente: DeCS BIREME). PREVALENCE OF SYMPTOMATIC RESPIRATORY CASES IN THE PERUVIAN POPULATION AGED 15 YEARS AND ABOVE: SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND FAMILY HEALTH SURVEY, 2013-2015 ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of symptomatic respiratory (SR) cases in the Peruvian population aged 15 years and over between 2013 and 2015. A secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was carried out. The subjects of the study were people aged 15 years and over who answered these interview questions: Do you currently have a cough with phlegm? How long have you had a cough with phlegm? People who had had a cough and phlegm for 15 days or more were defined as having SR. The prevalence of SR was 3.3% in 2013 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.8-3.9%), 3.8% in 2014 (95% CI: 3.5-4.1%), and 3.3% in 2015 (95% CI: 3.0-3.6%). The prevalence of SR was greater than 5% in people aged 60 years and over, in people in the poorest quintile, and in residents of rural areas. We conclude that 3-4% of Peruvian people aged 15 years and over report cough with phlegm for ≥15 days. The proportion with SR varies according to the region of the country. It is recommended that the expected number of symptomatic SR cases be assessed and that Peruvian healthcare be adjusted as necessary.

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Cross-sectional studies of tuberculosis prevalence in Cambodia between 2002 and 2011

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Asia, 1990–2012: an overview of results and lessons learned

National tuberculosis prevalence surveys in Asia, 1990–2012: an overview of results and lessons learned

Understanding the incremental value of novel diagnostic tests for tuberculosis

Prevalencia de sintomáticos respiratorios en población peruana de 15 a más años: análisis secundario de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar, 2013 – 2015

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