Cross-plane scattering correction-point source deconvolution in PET

Shao, L. G.; Karp, Joel S.

doi:10.1109/42.97570

Cited by 73 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Furthermore, due to the higher scatter fraction in 3-D, an accurate scatter correction is necessary for quantitative accuracy [9]- [12]. Thus, depending on the parameters of a given patient protocol, an investigator must carefully consider which mode of acquisition, 2-D or 3-D, is more appropriate.…”

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confidence: 99%

Noise characteristics of 3-D and 2-D PET images

Pajevic

Daube-Witherspoon

Bacharach

et al. 1998

IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging

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We analyzed the noise characteristics of two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) images obtained from the GE Advance positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. Three phantoms were used: a uniform 20-cm phantom, a 3-D Hoffman brain phantom, and a chest phantom with heart and lung inserts. Using gated acquisition, we acquired 20 statistically equivalent scans of each phantom in 2-D and 3-D modes at several activity levels. From these data, we calculated pixel normalized standard deviations (NSD's), scaled to phantom mean, across the replicate scans, which allowed us to characterize the radial and axial distributions of pixel noise. We also performed sequential measurements of the phantoms in 2-D and 3-D modes to measure noise (from interpixel standard deviations) as a function of activity. To compensate for the difference in axial slice width between 2-D and 3-D images (due to the septa and reconstruction effects), we developed a smoothing kernel to apply to the 2-D data. After matching the resolution, the ratio of image-derived NSD values (NSD2D/NSD3D)2 averaged throughout the uniform phantom was in good agreement with the noise equivalent count (NEC) ratio (NEC3D/NEC2D). By comparing different phantoms, we showed that the attenuation and emission distributions influence the spatial noise distribution. The estimates of pixel noise for 2-D and 3-D images produced here can be applied in the weighting of PET kinetic data and may be useful in the design of optimal dose and scanning requirements for PET studies. The accuracy of these phantom-based noise formulas should be validated for any given imaging situation, particularly in 3-D, if there is significant activity outside the scanner field of view.

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confidence: 99%

Noise characteristics of 3-D and 2-D PET images

Pajevic

Daube-Witherspoon

Bacharach

et al. 1998

IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging

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“…One would expect that this would extend to other, similar methods using using data from relatively large regions, although convolution with an extremely peaked scatter kernel (such as an exponential function [6]) could increase the variance to some degree.…”

Section: Results a N D Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…While methods to reduce 'This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (grant AXOZO) and the Centre for Systems Science, Simon Fraser University. the number of scattered events in the measured data have been proposed [4], most methods correct the measured data by removing estimates of the scattered events [5,6,7,81. These correction methods can, at best, remove expected number of scattered events, leaving the variance of the corrected data unchanged from that in the total measured data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addition of noise by scatter correction methods in PVI

Barney¹,

Harrop²,

Atkins

1994

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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A b s tra c t Effective scatter correction techniques are required to account for errors due the high scatter fraction seen in positron volume imaging (PVI). To be effective, the correction techniques must be accurate and practical, but they also must not add excessively to the statistical noise in the image. We have invesligated the noise added by three correction methods: a convolutionlsubtraction method; a method that interpolates the scatter from the events outside the object; and a dual energy window method with and without smoothing of the scatter estimate.The methods were applied to data generated by Monte Carlo simulation to determine their effect on the variance of the corrected projections. The convolution and interpolation methods did not add significantly to the variance. The dual energy window subtraction method without smoothing increased the variance by a factor of more than twelve, but this factor was improved to 1.2 by smoothing the scatter estimate. '

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“…Attenuation correction was applied with transmission data. A scatter correction was also applied by means of the deconvolution scatter function technique [7]. A reconstructed image has 128 Â 128 Â 47 matrix size with a pixel size of 1.1 Â 1.1 mm and 3.38 mm.…”

Section: Pet Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%