Cross-National Differences in Workers' Perceived Job, Labour Market, and Employment Insecurity in Europe: Empirical Tests and Theoretical Extensions

Dixon, Jeffrey C.; Fullerton, Andrew S.; Robertson, Dwanna L.

doi:10.1093/esr/jcs084

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Some research suggests that strong regulation increases insecurity (Chung and Van Oorschot ), others that it reduces it (Andersson and Pontusson ), and yet others that it makes no difference (Esser and Olsen ), but there is strong consensus that the major determinant of insecurity is the level of unemployment (Green ; Chung and van Oorschot ; Esser and Olsen ; Dixon et al . ). Given the very varied trends in unemployment in the aftermath of the crisis, there have been contrasting patterns of change across countries rather than an overall increase in subjective insecurity.…”

Section: Labour Market Flexibility and Job Insecuritymentioning

confidence: 97%

The Quality of Work in a Changing Labour Market

Gallie

2017

Soc Policy Adm

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There have been sharply contrasting scenarios of the long‐term pattern of change in the quality of work and employment in the advanced societies. Three broad perspectives have dominated enquiry in the last three decades: an optimistic tradition emphasizing progressive improvement in skills and the quality of work; a pessimistic tradition underlining emerging threats to employment and job quality; and, lastly, an institutional tradition pointing to long‐term structural differences between societies. We start by briefly outlining some of the key contrasts between these scenarios and then review the current state of empirical research with respect to three key aspects of the quality of work and employment: the structure of skills; the intrinsic quality of work in terms of job control and work intensity; and, lastly, job insecurity.

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Section: Labour Market Flexibility and Job Insecuritymentioning

confidence: 97%

The Quality of Work in a Changing Labour Market

Gallie

2017

Soc Policy Adm

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“…The recent economic recession has also led to a worsening of working conditions for those who still have a paid job [ 1 ]. In addition, high unemployment rates –and rising unemployment in particular– are the most significant predictors of job insecurity [ 36 , 37 ]. Previous studies have already shown that job insecurity, involuntary part-time work, and temporary contracts are related to a decrease in well-being and mental health status [ 38 - 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment status and mental health care use in times of economic contraction: a repeated cross-sectional study in Europe, using a three-level model

Buffel

Straat

Bracke

2015

Int J Equity Health

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IntroductionFramed within the recent economic crisis, in this study we investigate the medical mental health care use of the unemployed compared with that of the employed in Europe, and whether the relationship between employment status and mental health care use varies across macro-economic conditions. We examine whether the macro-economic context and changes therein are related to mental health care use, via their impact on mental health, or more directly, irrespective of mental health.MethodsWe use data from three waves of the Eurobarometer (2002, 2005/2006, and 2010), which has a repeated cross-sectional and cross-national design. Linear and logistic multilevel regression analyses are performed with mental health, contacting a general practitioner, and contacting a psychiatrist for mental health problems as dependent variables. The multilevel design has three levels (the individual, the period-country, and the country), which allows us to estimate both longitudinal and cross-sectional macro-effects. The macro-economic context and changes therein are assessed using national unemployment rates and growth rates in Gross Domestic Product (GDP).ResultsThe mean unemployment rate is negatively related to mental health, although for women, this effect only applies to the employed. Among women, no relationship is found between changes in the macro-economic context and mental health. The unemployment rate, and changes in both the unemployment rate and the real GDP growth rate, are associated with men’s care use, regardless of their mental health, whereas this does not hold for women. In countries with an increase in the unemployment rate, both unemployed and employed men tend to medicalize their problems more by contacting a general practitioner, irrespective of their mental health, while the likelihood of contacting a psychiatrist is lower among employed men.ConclusionsOur findings stress the importance of taking the macro-economic context and changes therein into account when studying the mental health care use of unemployed people compared with the employed, in particular among men. Moreover, it is important to make the distinction between primary and specialized medical care use, as the impact of macro-economic conditions is dependent on the type of care, which also applies when controlling for mental health.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0153-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…procedure byFullerton et al (2013). This involved collapsing the different categories and focusing on three levels of perceived employment prospects in my analyses.The main independent variables of interest in this study are all at the country level.…”

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confidence: 99%

Insecure times? Workers' perceived job and labor market security in 23 OECD countries

Hipp

2016

Social Science Research

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By examining the association between employees' perceptions of job security and central labor market policies and characteristics, this paper seeks to understand the mechanisms through which institutions generate confidence and positive expectations among individuals regarding their economic future. The analyses distinguish between different facets of perceived job security and different institutional mechanisms. My multilevel analyses of a data set that contains information on 12,431 individuals and 23 countries show that some labor market policies and characteristics are more likely than others to provide workers with subjective security. Unemployment assistance in particular is an effective means of reducing workers' worries about job loss. Dismissal protection, by contrast, only unleashes its psychologically protective effects under certain conditions. The paper's main conclusion is that the effectiveness of policies varies and that different types of labor market institutions serve as complements rather than as substitutes.

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Cross-National Differences in Workers' Perceived Job, Labour Market, and Employment Insecurity in Europe: Empirical Tests and Theoretical Extensions

Cited by 53 publications

References 35 publications

The Quality of Work in a Changing Labour Market

The Quality of Work in a Changing Labour Market

Employment status and mental health care use in times of economic contraction: a repeated cross-sectional study in Europe, using a three-level model

Insecure times? Workers' perceived job and labor market security in 23 OECD countries

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