“…These pressures add up to mean that the teaching of epistemology is fragmented, compartmentalised and disjointed in schools, and also that learning about ways to ask and explore Big Questions in particular is likely to be neglected (Barnes, 2015; Billingsley et al., 2017; Byrne and Brodie, 2013; Konnemann et al., 2018; Sandoval, 2016). Further, many secondary school students are confined to narrow and stereotypical perceptions of science, religion and how they relate (Billingsley, 2013; Billingsley and Nassaji, 2019; Francis et al., 2018a; Fulljames et al., 1991; Hanley, 2008; Hokayem and BouJaoude, 2008; Paiva et al., 2016; Shipman et al., 2002).…”