Cross‐cultural adaptation and validation of revised WHO‐ILAR‐COPCORD core English questionnaire translated to Bangla

Abstract

Background The Community‐Oriented Program for Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) is intended to reduce the information deficit about the epidemiology of rheumatic diseases, particularly in rural communities in high‐income countries. Multiple studies have been conducted using the WHO‐International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR)‐COPCORD core questionnaire in Bangladesh using the translated version in the Bangla language. Cross‐cultural adaptation and validation of the questionnaire are important to achieve better outcomes. Aim To develop a culturally adapted, valid, and reliable Bangla version of the WHO‐ILAR‐COPCORD Core English Questionnaire to use as a rheumatic screening instrument among Bangla‐speaking people. Methods The original English WHO‐ILAR‐COPCORD questionnaire was translated into Bangla and adapted in the local socio‐cultural context maintaining idiomatic, semantic, experiential, and conceptual equivalence between the English and Bangla versions. Pretesting was carried out among 30 patients and healthy attendants, following standard international recommendations. Content validity of the adapted Bangla version was assessed by the item‐ and scale‐level content validity indices (I‐CVI and S‐CVI). The adapted Bangla version of the WHO‐ILAR‐COPCORD questionnaire was used to assess 120 patients with rheumatic problems and healthy individuals. Test‐retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients. Results The Bangla version of the WHO‐ILAR‐COPCORD questionnaire showed excellent content validity (I‐CVI = 1, S‐CVI = 1). The test‐retest reliability was also acceptable (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.7). Conclusion The adapted Bangla version of the WHO‐ILAR‐COPCORD questionnaire demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties, in terms of content validity and test‐retest reliability, for evaluating rheumatic problems in Bangladeshi patients.

Low back pain in the Bangladeshi adult population: a cross-sectional national survey

“…The modified COPCORD questionnaire was the survey tool. 21 The English version of the first part of the questionnaire was translated to Bangla, then adapted according to the guideline of Beaton et al , 22 validated by Chassany’s Method 23 and administered by the interviewers. Data were collected for 6 days from each PSU.…”

“…In case of non-participation after the second recall visit, the targeted household/individual was declared non-respondents. Adapted from Ahmad Zahid-Al-Quadir et al 21. LBP, low back pain; MSDs, musculoskeletal disorders.…”

“…All investigators and the WHO technical team coordinated and conducted the training. The modified COPCORD questionnaire was the survey tool 21. The English version of the first part of the questionnaire was translated to Bangla, then adapted according to the guideline of Beaton et al ,22 validated by Chassany’s Method23 and administered by the interviewers.…”

Risk factors of non-specific low back pain in a rural community of Bangladesh: A case-control study

“…At the camp, a Bangla version of the World Health Organization (WHO)-International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) COPCORD Core English questionnaire was administered by the field enumerators. 14,15 By using WHO-ILAR COPCORD questionnaire, 1,315 patients were identified who had any rheumatic condition and the rest of the 3,535 patients had no rheumatic conditions. Those who were identified as rheumatic patients, of them 494 had LBP and they were sent to the rheumatologists.…”