Cross-Cohort Microbiome Analysis of Salivary Biomarkers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Several studies have ascertained differences in salivary microbiota between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and healthy populations. However, the predictive accuracy and reproducibility of these 16S rRNA sequencing analyses when applied to other cohorts remain enigmatic. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the included 470 samples from five researches in publicly available databases. The discrepancy and predictive accuracy of salivary microbiota between T2DM patients and healthy populations were evaluated from multiple perspectives, followed by the identification of salivary biomarkers for DM. Next, a classification model (areas under the curves = 0.92) was developed based on a large sample. The model could be used for clinical diagnosis and prognostic monitoring and as a basis for hypothesis-driven mechanistic researches. Furthermore, the research heterogeneity across geographic regions suggested that microbiological markers might not become a uniform clinical standard in human beings. They rather identify abnormal alterations under the microbiological characteristics of a specific population.

Salivary Microbiota Associated with Peripheral Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction

“…In recent years, increasing knowledge of the microbiota has revealed that it plays a symbiotic role in maintaining the physiological functions of the host. Oral microbiota is closely associated with various systemic diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders, suggesting that the salivary microbiota may be a disease-specific biomarker [10][11][12][13] . Although individual oral bacterial species associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction have been identified 14,15) , no association between the salivary microbiota as a whole and vascular endothelial function has yet been identified.…”