Cross-border crime patterns unveiled by exchange of DNA profiles in the European Union

Bernasco, Wim; Lammers, Marloes; Beek, Kees van der

doi:10.1057/sj.2015.27

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…On the basis of an analysis of the official statistical data et of the Prüm system, this research revealed a trend amongst Western and Central European countries to accumulate the majority of DNA profiles of individuals originating from Eastern European countries (Santos & Machado, 2017). In other words, the study showed how the geographical patterns of DNA flows between the EU Member States involved in the Prüm system appeared to confirm previous research about the patterns of criminal mobility affecting central European countries, which is mostly associated with volume crime usually involving individuals originating from Eastern Europe (Bernasco et al, 2016;Siegel, 2014;Van Daele, 2008).…”

Section: The Prüm Challengessupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The second group of studies on the Prüm system have been assessing the geographical patterns of cross-border crimes solved by the exchange of DNA data among the different EU Member States (Bernasco, Lammers, & Van der Beek, 2016;Taverne & Broeders, 2015. One study suggested a territorial divide between Western and Central European countries and Eastern European countries.…”

Section: The Prüm Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forensic Genetics and Governance of Transnational Criminality

Machado

Granja

2020

Forensic Genetics in the Governance of Crime

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Contemporary societies are increasingly facilitating movement while simultaneously creating forms of restricting and monitoring the mobility of persons deemed problematic. This chapter focuses on the growing relevance of genetic technologies in this domain by discussing the several forms whereby genetics has been used to prevent, manage and survey transnational criminality. In order to shed light on the complexities associated with such a phenomenon, we provide the reader with an indepth explanation of an empirical example: a pan-European network, called the Prüm system, created to exchange the data stored in the national DNA databases of different European Union (EU) countries in order to combat terrorism and cross-border criminality.

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Section: The Prüm Challengessupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: The Prüm Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Genetics and Governance of Transnational Criminality

Machado

Granja

2020

Forensic Genetics in the Governance of Crime

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“…This work has been built on by Bernasco et al . (), Jeuniaux (), Johnson () and Ludwig (). The production of networks of criminal activity by Jeuniaux () has helped build a picture of intra‐EU cross‐state criminal contact using the newly developed national DNA database in Belgium.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Bernasco et al . () developed a cartography of DNA hits between the Netherlands and the EU, establishing transnational spatial patterns of offending predominantly indicating high rates of activities in border regions. Johnson () has displayed spatial clustering at a meso level, potentially linking with employment opportunity in England; and Ludwig () identified the highly significant data uncertainty when trying to paint a macro cross‐member state picture of the intra‐EU migration and crime issue, providing limited knowledge generation opportunities without multi‐disciplinary co‐operation on an international level.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra‐Eu Migration and Crime: A Jigsaw to be Reckoned with

Ludwig

Johnson

2017

Tijd voor Econ & Soc Geog

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The expansion of the EU has generated vast interest and debate about an alleged crime-migration nexus. The gradual disappearance of borders within the EU has created opportunities for easier people movement, and potentially for offenders to commit criminal offences in other countries. The authors have found that little work has been undertaken to understand the general nature of criminal activity by intra-EU migrant populations. Data on localised offending by foreign nationals can be used to inform intelligence by national and international police agencies, to generate effective cross-border information exchange, aid investigatory techniques and significantly inform crime reduction activity and policies. However, where such information is not collected and available for analysis within member states, informed knowledge within and between member states is difficult to achieve. In order to begin to address these discrepancies, the authors suggest a multi-disciplinary and mixed methods approach that seeks understanding at the EU level.

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“…Current trends in DNA database include the expansion of national databases, innovative application of databases (e.g. familial searching [2], analysis of mobility of offenders and crime patterns [3,4]), harmonization of international and domestic DNA legislation and policies, and transnational exchange of DNA records. Whilst databases may serve public security interests, they pose a significant threat to the civil liberties of individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in forensic DNA database: transnational exchange of DNA data

Amankwaa

2019

Forensic Sciences Research

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The transnational exchange of forensic DNA data has become a modern trend in fighting cross-border crime, terrorism and illegal immigration. Forensic DNA data allow the police to identify, eliminate or link individuals associated with a crime. Additionally, different crime scenes can be linked via the DNA profile to identify serial offenders or determine crime patterns. Approaches to the transnational exchange of DNA data can be categorized into four: (1) creation of an international DNA database, (2) linked or networked national DNA databases, (3) request-based exchange of data, and (4) a combination of these. Most countries operate the combination system of data exchange. This paper briefly introduces the different approaches in the transnational sharing of forensic DNA data, the legislative and operational framework, pattern of data exchange and participating states, and policy challenges associated with data sharing. Generally, most DNA exchange systems are modelled as the European Union Pr€ um regime. This operates under two stages: hit/no-hit query and further information sharing. The scope of the data exchange is governed by individual national legislation that determines the type of information that can be shared and the national authority responsible for the system. Though DNA data exchange has been instrumental in resolving serious crimes such as gang and serial rape, and armed robbery, adequate information about their overall effectiveness and efficiency is lacking. Further, operational, legal and ethical challenges including issues of privacy and proportionality appear to limit the full potential of the DNA data exchange system.

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Cross-border crime patterns unveiled by exchange of DNA profiles in the European Union

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Forensic Genetics and Governance of Transnational Criminality

Forensic Genetics and Governance of Transnational Criminality

Intra‐Eu Migration and Crime: A Jigsaw to be Reckoned with

Trends in forensic DNA database: transnational exchange of DNA data

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