Cross‐adaptation of a model human stress‐related odour with fragrance chemicals and ethyl esters of axillary odorants: gender‐specific effects

Wysocki, Charles J.; Louie, Jennifer Y.; Leyden, James J.; Blank, David H.A.; Gill, Manjindar; Smith, Lindsay; McDermott, Keith; Preti, George

doi:10.1002/ffj.1927

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both qualitative and quantitative differences were observed among the males and females studied. Various types of compounds were extracted from males and females for odor detection, sinus, axillary, sweat fluids, including a variety of aldehydes, organic fatty acids, ketones and alkanes, which agrees with aging- Haze et al (2001); sweat- (Ostrovskaya et al 2002), human odor (Martin et al 2005), human axilla- Wysocki et al (2009) and nasal fluid Preti and Leyden (2010) analyzed volatile components using GC-MS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

2-Nonenal-Ovulatory Specific Volatiles in Human Saliva throughout Menstrual Cycle by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Alagendran¹,

Archunan²,

Rameshkumar³

et al. 2010

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Problem statement:The present investigation carry out a pilot study of a novel method to identify the salivary volatiles in different phases of menstrual cycle for the assessment of ovulation detection using gas chromatography and mass spectrophotometer. Approach: The profiles from follicular phase (6-12 days); ovulatory phase (13-14 days) and luteal phase (15-26 days) of menstrual cycle samples were compared to establish any qualitative and quantitative differences that might have potential value in human olfactory communication. Dichloromethane was used as the solvent for extraction of the compounds. Results: Fifteen compounds were identified. They include organic compounds like, acid, aldehyde, amine and alcohol. The most important constituent was 2-nonenal, which usually comprised 75% or more of the total volatiles observed in ovulatory phase. The concentration of many constituents varied widely. This appeared to be periodically in three cycles for five of the constituents, with a period of a few weeks and with pronounced maxima at the peak of ovulatory period of which only two were common to all the chromatograms. The chemical profile of ovulatory phase saliva was distinguished by the presence of two specific compounds, viz. 2-Nonenal, Acetic acid and Acetaldehyde that were not found in the other reproductive phases of saliva sample in women. Apparently these compounds are 2-nonenal, dodecanol, acetic acid and acetaldehyde. One or more of these compounds may have pheromonal activity in human body odor. Conclusion: Differentiation of the volatile patterns among reproductive phases in women may help to find the diagnostic marker for ovulation detection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

2-Nonenal-Ovulatory Specific Volatiles in Human Saliva throughout Menstrual Cycle by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Alagendran¹,

Archunan²,

Rameshkumar³

et al. 2010

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…in explaining the interactions between the human body or skin and EO components in fragrances. [24] A rather new and promising fi eld of application is the use as feed additives in farm animals to substitute 'in-feed antibiotics' , which have been banned in the EU since the beginning of 2006. [25,26] Due to their characteristics, the functions and eff ects of EOs are claimed to improve feed characteristics, the digestion and performance of the animals and the characteristics of animal products.…”

Section: Eff Ect and Effi Cacy: New Fields Of Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oil research: past, present and future

Franz

2010

Flavour & Fragrance J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Essential oil plants and essential oils (EOs) have been used since early human history to fl avour and treat food and beverages as aroma chemicals and, empirically, as preservatives, to cover unpleasant odours, to attract other individuals or to control sanitary problems. In this way they contribute to communication between individuals, infl uence the well-being of humans and animals and show a long socio-cultural and socio-economic tradition.Discovering and elucidating thousands of new EO compounds over the last few decades, we have learned to understand the complexity and enormous diversity in this group of natural products, which consists of mono-and sesquiterpenes, phenylpropenes and other volatile compounds. In addition, the in vitro and in vivo activity of these substances has been studied extensively, and new fi elds of application have been discovered. This was consistently and necessarily followed by a number of national and international regulations concerning the quality, safety and effi cacy of EOs, the risk-benefi t assessment of their use in food and feed additives, as fl avourings and cosmetic ingredients and also as biocides. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), guidelines concerning good agricultural and collection practices (GA/C/P) and the GMO discussion are also infl uencing not only the proper use but also research on essential oils. Taking these items into consideration, the following four areas had and still have a signifi cant infl uence on EO research:• Development of analytical methods.• Biodiversity studies.• Biosynthesis and '-omics' research.• In vitro and in vivo studies on eff ect and effi cacy. Development of Analytical MethodsProbably the most important step in the analysis of secondary plant products has been the introduction of chromatographic methods, of which thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC) have had the highest impact on EO analysis. TLC is still a valid tool for rapidly obtaining phytochemical fi ngerprints of complex matrices, and is especially useful in fi eld research, away from well-equipped laboratory facilities. In combination with densitometric and spectroscopic methods, (HP)TLC has actually made a comeback in quality control. [1] GC in its beginnings, with packed columns, had shown only limited resolution, [2] but was nevertheless the fi rst technique enabling quantitative analysis of highly complex mixtures, as EOs are. Today, GC is the most commonly used method in this fi eld, advanced and highly sophisticated, with enantioselective capillary columns and coupled with mass spectroscopy (MS) or mass selective detectors (MSDs). [3] Headspace sampling and solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), in addition, enables the analysis of even the content of single oil glands, ducts or cavities, showing, for example, that the chemical composition diff ers between leaf insertions and leaf regions and also between the peltate and capitate oil glands of Salvia spp. [4,5] much more than in oregano [6] or peppermint. [7] This indicates the necess...

show abstract

“…200 Subjects provided hedonic and intensity ratings of the SRO and of each of the potential cross-adapting agents prior to 2.5 min of induced olfactory adaptation to each agent. During adaptation, possible cross-adaptation was evaluated by intermittent ratings of the perceived intensity of the SRO.…”

Section: Reproductive State and Olfactory Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective chemicals depended upon the gender of the donor of the SRO and the gender of the subject, suggesting a gender-specific response to both the SRO stimuli used and the fragrance chemicals used to cross-adapt them. 200 Genderspecific effects have also been documented in the importance of smell for human mate selection, in that women, but not men, ranked body odour as more important for attraction than 'looks' or any social factor except 'pleasantness'. 201 …”

Section: Reproductive State and Olfactory Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Olfactory Perception

Gelperin

2010

The Chemistry and Biology of Volatiles

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The scientific study of human olfactory perception, as for any sensory modality, perforce involves the use of rigorous psychophysical and psychometric methods, that is administering tightly controlled physical stimuli to human subjects while obtaining verbal or motor responses that indicate the subject's evaluation of the stimuli. The special challenges inherent in applying controlled and quantitative odorant stimuli often require sophisticated instrumentation for generating known concentrations of selected odorants 1 and collaborations between analytical chemists and psychophysicists to directly measure and control the chemical properties of the stimuli used to elicit subject responses adequate to the task of defining the relevant psychometric functions. 2-6 Assessments of olfactory thresholds require careful attention to methodology and careful comparison of the several different methods currently employed, 7 as do methods for determining odour quality. 8 A central problem in the study of olfactory information processing and the olfactory percepts that result from neural processing of olfactory stimuli is the lack of clear stimulus dimensions in olfaction, analogous to wavelength in vision and frequency in audition. 9 The relationship between molecular properties of an odorant molecule and its sensory properties is not yet understood. 10 To overcome this limitation, a large empirical literature has been developed to relate human olfactory perception to chemical structures grouped into classes of related compounds. 11 Using this prior psychophysical information on responses of human subjects to olfactory stimuli of varied chemical structure, 12 one can begin to make predictions of perceptual responses to new compounds or mixtures of compounds, albeit

show abstract

Cross‐adaptation of a model human stress‐related odour with fragrance chemicals and ethyl esters of axillary odorants: gender‐specific effects

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

2-Nonenal-Ovulatory Specific Volatiles in Human Saliva throughout Menstrual Cycle by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Analysis

2-Nonenal-Ovulatory Specific Volatiles in Human Saliva throughout Menstrual Cycle by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Essential oil research: past, present and future

Human Olfactory Perception

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About