Crops that feed the world 4. Barley: a resilient crop? Strengths and weaknesses in the context of food security

Newton, A. C.; Flavell, Andrew J.; George, Timothy S.; Leat, Philip M.K.; Mullholland, Barry; Ramsay, Luke; Revoredo‐Giha, Cesar; Russell, Joanne; Steffenson, Brian J.; Swanston, J. S.; Thomas, William; Waugh, Robbie; White, Philip J.; Bingham, I. J.

doi:10.1007/s12571-011-0126-3

Cited by 241 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 225 publications

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“…Meat and animal products are a rich source of high value protein and essential micro-nutrients (iron, zinc, and vitamin A), and are therefore key to food security [2]. In this paper, food security is defined as "the risk of adequate food not being available" [3,4]; 'food' here refers to meat. Meat contributes a substantial proportion of daily calories in the UK diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Climate and Agricultural Land Use Changes on UK Feed Barley Production and Food Security to the 2050s

Yawson

Mulholland

Ball

et al. 2017

Land

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Currently, the UK has a high self-sufficiency rate in barley production. This paper assessed the effects of projected climate and land use changes on feed barley production and, consequently, on meat supply in the UK from the 2030s to the 2050s. Total barley production under projected land use and climate changes ranged from 4.6 million tons in the 2030s to 9.0 million tons in the 2050s. From these, the projected feed barley supply ranged from approximately 2.3 to 4.6 million tons from the 2030s to the 2050s, respectively. The results indicate that while UK spring barley production will thrive under, and benefit from climate change, total land area allocated to barley production will ultimately determine self-sufficiency. Without expansion in the area of land and/or further significant increases in yields, the UK may face large deficits in domestic feed barley production and, for that matter, meat supply in the future. Hence, agricultural and food security policy needs to consider, principally, the effect of agricultural land use change on key crops, such as barley. Even though the UK can import feed barley or meat to address the deficits observed in this study, the question that needs to be addressed is where all that import will come from.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Climate and Agricultural Land Use Changes on UK Feed Barley Production and Food Security to the 2050s

Yawson

Mulholland

Ball

et al. 2017

Land

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“…In terms of quantity of grains produced, barley is the fourth most important crop in the world [1]. In the United Kingdom (UK), barley is the second most widely grown arable crop (after wheat) and the number one crop in Scotland [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Regional Yields of Spring Barley in the United Kingdom under Projected Climate Change

Yawson

Ball

Adu

et al. 2016

Climate

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This paper assessed the effect of projected climate change on the grain yield of barley in fourteen administrative regions in the United Kingdom (UK). Climate data for the 2030s, 2040s and 2050s for the high emission scenario (HES), medium emissions scenario (MES) and low emissions scenario (LES) were obtained from the UK Climate Projections 2009 (UKCP09) using the Weather Generator. Simulations were performed using the AquaCrop model and statistics of simulated future yields and baseline yields were compared. The results show that climate change could be beneficial to UK barley production. For all emissions scenarios and regions, differences between the simulated average future yields (2030s-2050s) and the observed yields in the baseline period ranged from 1.4 to 4 tons·ha −1 . The largest increase in yields and yield variability occurred under the HES in the 2050s. Absolute increases in yields over baseline yields were substantially greater in the western half of the UK than in the eastern regions but marginally from south to north. These increases notwithstanding, yield reductions were observed for some individual years due to saturated soil conditions (most common in Wales, Northern Ireland and South-West Scotland). These suggest risks of yield penalties in any growing season in the future, a situation that should be considered for planning adaptation and risk management.

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“…Barley is a widely grown cereal crop, mostly used as feed for animals, raw material in the production of malt for the brewing industry, and in the bakery industry (Newton et al 2011). Historically, it was one of the earliest cereals to feature in the human diet in many parts of the world.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The renewed interest in barley for food uses centres around the discovery of a positive physiological role of β-glucan, a cell-wall polysaccharide found both in oats and barley (Newton et al 2011). The health benefits of barley β-glucans include reduction of blood cholesterol and glucose and weight loss by increased satiety, and therefore, the control of heart disease and type-2 diabetes (Baik & Ullrich 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of malting and hulless barley grain and malt extracts

Šimić¹,

Horvat²,

Dvojković³

et al. 2017

Czech J. Food Sci.

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AbstractŠimić G., Horvat D., Dvojković K., Abičić I., Viljevac Vuletić M., Tucak M., Lalić A. (2017): Evaluation of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of malting and hulless barley grain and malt extracts. Czech J. Food Sci., 35: 73-78.Nine malting and six hulless barley varieties were evaluated for their grain characteristics, β-glucans, total phenolic contents, and corresponding antioxidant activities determined by DPPH radical scavenging method. Samples were malted to compare malt quality properties between hulled and hulless types of barley and to estimate the influence of malting process on total phenolics. The highest levels of total phenolics and antioxidant activity were observed in the hulless barley lines GZ-191 and GZ-186. Malts were found to have higher antioxidant activity and contents of total phenolics than their corresponding barley. Results from the present study showed that hulless barley lines had on average higher protein, starch, β-glucan, malt extract content, and wort viscosity, but lower Kolbach Index and malt friability when compared to hulled malting varieties. The analysis of fifteen different barley samples shows that the barley type has an influence on both the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity, as well as on the malting performance of hulless and hulled barley.

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Crops that feed the world 4. Barley: a resilient crop? Strengths and weaknesses in the context of food security

Cited by 241 publications

References 225 publications

Effect of Climate and Agricultural Land Use Changes on UK Feed Barley Production and Food Security to the 2050s

Effect of Climate and Agricultural Land Use Changes on UK Feed Barley Production and Food Security to the 2050s

Simulated Regional Yields of Spring Barley in the United Kingdom under Projected Climate Change

Evaluation of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of malting and hulless barley grain and malt extracts

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